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Optical networking technology has been advancing swiftly for some decades now. The high bandwidth and low attenuation features of fiber optics has made it the major element of telecommunication infrastructure. To achieve the ever-growing demand of data in telecommunication industry, researchers have explored various networking technologies in optical domain as well as advanced equipment and programmability, boosting transmission up to gigabit and beyond. This paper reviews various optical communication technologies, recent advances in optical network, it’s role in telecommunication industry and its challenges.

The ever-developing interest of present day society for information with enhanced execution over longer separations have made the system complex in terms of architecture, technologies, Network Elements, communication between Network Elements, security and signaling control. Equipment Management as a segment of Network Management System gives administrators the capacity to control general operation of the NEs, superintend interaction among NEs and to upper layer administration framework, thus automating the task of managing complex network. This paper presents the role of Equipment Management in Optical Transport Network and some of its challenges.

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