Background: The lateral humeral condylus fracture in a child can be difficult to diagnose because the bones of a child not ossification yet. This resulted the fracture is difficult to see or even pass in viewing. In management, the lateral humeral condylus fracture in children has controversy, between non-operative and operative (especially in fracture with minimal displace). This case report discusses the case of the humeral lateral condyle fracture in a two-year-old child and discusses its treatment.Case: A two-years-old boy was delivered by his parents to the Emergency Room (ER) in the Wangaya Regional General Hospital Denpasar with complaints of pain in the left elbow since a day ago. Complaints appear after the patient falls on the floor in his home while playing with his brother. On physical examination of the upper extremity, the left elbow is swollen at the elbow with minimal deformity without an open wound. In manage it, open reduction surgery is performed by apply Kirschner-wire and then backslab is placed on the left arm with supination and 30o flexion positions.Conclusions: Difficulties in diagnosing humeral lateral condylus fractures in children are due to the fact that there are still many condyle plates that have not ossification yet, so that it is difficult for radiological examination to see the fracture line. The operative actions that can be taken are open reduction with the installation of Kirschner-wire. Latar Belakang: Fraktur kondilus lateral humerus pada anak dapat sulit terdiagnosis akibat tulang anak yang belum terosifikasi. Hal ini mengakibatkan gambaran fraktur sulit terlihat atau bahkan terlewati. Dalam penatalaksanaanya, fraktur kondilus lateral humerus pada anak memiliki kontroversi, antara non-operatif dan operatif (terutama pada fraktur dengan pergeseran minimal). Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk membahas kasus fraktur kondilus lateral humerus pada anak umur dua tahun dan membahas tatalaksananya.Kasus: Seorang anak laki-laki berumur dua tahun diantar oleh orangtuanya ke Unit Gawat Darurat (UGD) Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Wangaya Denpasar dengan keluhan nyeri pada siku kiri sejak satu hari yang lalu. Keluhan muncul setelah pasien terjatuh di lantai rumah saat sedang bermain dengan saudaranya. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ekstremitas atas, pada siku kiri didapatkan bengkak pada siku dengan deformitas minimal tanpa disertai luka terbuka. Dalam penanganannya, dilakukan tindakan operasi reduksi terbuka dengan pemasangan Kirschner-wire kemudian dipasang backslab pada lengan kiri dengan posisi supinasi dan fleksi 30o.Simpulan: Dalam mendiagnosis fraktur kondilus lateral humerus pada anak diakibatkan masih banyak lempeng kondilus yang masih belum terosifikasi, sehingga pada pemeriksaan radiologis sulit melihat garis frakturnya. Tindakan operatif yang dapat dilakukan berupa reduksi terbuka dengan pemasangan Kirschner-wire.

Objective: To describe the outcomes of autografts and allografts in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction with respect to instrumented laxity measurements, patient-reported outcome scores, complications, and graft failure risk. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for published randomized controlled trials (RCT) and case controlled trials (CCTs) to compare the outcomes of the autografts versus allografts after cruciate ligament reconstruction. Data analyses were performed using Cochrane Collaboration RevMan 5.0. Results: Nine studies were identified from the literature review. Of these studies, three studies compared the results of bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) and ligament augmentation and reconstruction system (LARS), while six studies compared the results of four-strand hamstring tendon graft (4SHG) and LARS. The comparative study showed no difference in Lysholm score and failure risk between autografts and synthetics. Discussion: The combined results of the meta-analysis indicated that there was a significantly lower rate of side-to-side difference > 3 mm (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.46, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.44–4.22, P = 0.001), overall IKDC (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19–0.83, P = 0.01), complications (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.26–5.14, P = 0.009), and Tegner score (OR −0.31, 95% CI −0.52–0.10, P = 0.004) in the allografts group than in the autografts group. Conclusion: This systematic review comparing long-term outcomes after cruciate ligament reconstruction with either autograft or allografts suggests no significant differences in failure risk. Autografts were inferior to allografts with respect to restoring knee joint stability and patient-reported outcome scores, and were also associated with more postoperative complications.

Introduction: Acromioclavicular joint dislocations represent a frequent condition, affecting a very specific and generally active population and accounting for around 9% of all shoulder injuries. Case Presentation: We present a series of patients who underwent AC Joint reconstruction using Semitendinosus graft with internal bracing. The beach chair position is used for acromioclavicular reconstruction surgery. In this technique, we restore the anatomy, reconstruct the coracoclavicular ligament, and reinforced the acromioclavicular ligament. And it is reliable for chronic acromioclavicular joint injury. At final follow up we found excellent results with average pain score of 1.6, and average ROM of 160° of forward flexion and abduction, 70° of external rotation, and internal rotation level at T11. Postoperative function also showed great improvements with average ASES of 85 points, an average Constant Score of 89 points. This technique also achieved acceptable radiographic results, with an average coracoclavicular distance increase of 1.4 mm Discussion & Conclusion: The loss of AC joint congruence with the Weaver Dunn procedure suggested that possibly the problem wasn’t only biological. This technique seems to be especially advantageous as it allows for an anatomic, biological, and minimally invasive procedure while avoiding some of the inconveniences described in other reports. Although demanding, it can be reproducibly performed arthroscopically, and good clinical outcomes should be expected.

BACKGROUND: Neglected patellar tendon rupture is an extremely rare case among orthopedic injuries that severely compromises the function of the extensor mechanism of the knee. Therefore, a prompt and accurate diagnosis of a ruptured patellar tendon are a key to efficacious management, because a treatment delay is often associated with unsatisfactory functional outcomes. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of an adult male patient with traumatic patellar tendon rupture after 9 months of a motorcycle accident. The patient underwent reconstruction surgery using semitendinosus and gracilis tendon augmentation. This procedure restores the anatomical position of the patella and prevents extensor lag. At a 3-month follow-up, a full recovery of the structure and function of the extensor mechanism was perceived. The patient could return to normal daily activities following rehabilitation protocol. CONCLUSION: Semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autograft is the technique of choice to be applied in the surgical reconstruction of neglected patellar tendon rupture.