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A laser ablation sample introduction system, based on a Nd : YAG laser with an X-Y-Zdirectional sampling head, has been designed and constructed for use with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. A study has been made of a number of parameters which affect the performance of the system to establish the optimum operating conditions. South African Reference Material (SARM) rock samples have been analysed using the system, and the results obtained have been compared with the certificate values. The importance of using closely matrix-matched samples and standards is demonstrated. Precision studies on SARM 5 (pyroxenite) show that both intra-and inter-sample precisions are typically 10% (relative standard deviation).

This volume reports the findings of a group of experts who met in 1989 to evaluate the carcinogenic risks associated with six antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agents, four antimicrobial agents and five other drugs. Included in the first category were azacitidine, chlorozotocin, ciclosporin, prednimustine, thiotepa and trichlormethine (trimustine hydrochloride). The antimicrobial agents studied were ampicillin, chloramphenicol, nitrofural (nitrofurazone) and nitrofurantoin. Cimetidine, dantron (chrysazin; 1,s-dihydroxyanthraquinone), furosemide (frusemide), hydrochlorothiazide and paracetamol (acetaminophen) were also evaluated.Each monograph contains chemical and physical data relating to the pure substance, which will be of interest to the analytical chemist. A list of technical products and tradenames, details of production and use, as well as biological data relating to toxicity and metabolism are also given. Data on human studies are included as well as epidemiological studies. The sections on analysis are generally very short and concentrate on key references to reviews. Many of the references are fairly old. No details of the performance criteria for the analytical methods are presented.The book concludes with a useful one-page summary of the final evaluations. This is followed by Appendix 1, which tabulates the genetic and related effects of each compound in various biological systems, both in vivo and in vitro, mammalian and non-mammalian. Appendix 2 contains activity profiles for genetic and related effects and forms a major part of the volume. This information is primarily of interest to a toxicologist and it reports the lowest effective concentration and highest ineffective concentration tested, together with a reference to the original work. There is also a cumulative cross-index covering all 50 volumes in the series. This is a useful reference since many compounds have been studied on more than one occasion by the committee of experts as new evidence is obtained. Other IARC publications are also listed. N . T. Crosbyiron Oxides in the Laboratory: Preparation and Characterization