No abstract

The relative functions of spinal elements in resisting P-A shear stress are determined from measurements of force and displacement. The response of intact, enucleate and degenerate disks are presented, as well as stress-strain characteristics of the intervertebral disk and the roles of the articular facets and the nucleus pulposus.

The panelists include a woman who left academia for nine years, but returned two years ago. Between them, these four women have five children, 148 referred journal publications, three book chapters, six books (novels) and two novellas, and 76 research grants and contracts, totaling $9.4 million.