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The flexibility for learners to learn begins with the teacher's style of learning and the levels of cognition utilized in the classroom. Teachers have the basic capability to learn and teach; however, they are not all able to learn and teach effectively in the same exact way. The current study sought to determine the learning style and cognitive level of instruction of central Ohio horticulture teachers. The Florida Taxonomy of Cognitive Behaviors (FTCB) and the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) were used to assess the level of cognitive instruction (FTCB) and the learning style (GEFT). The results indicated that 44% of the teachers preferred the field dependent learning style and 56% preferred the field-independent learning style. Furthermore, 84% of the teaching occurred at the lower levels of cognition. The mean weighted cognitive score for the teachers was 23.03. The mean weighted score reflected a cognitive level of teaching concentrated near the cognitive level of translation. A moderate positive (r= .32) relationship was found between learning style and the weighted cognitive level of instruction. Correlation coefficients between GEFT scores and the seven levels of cognition ranged from a substantial negative association (r= -.53) to a moderate positive association (r= .41).

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<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> “<i>In situ</i> vaccination” using immunogene therapy has the ability to induce polyclonal antitumor responses directed by the patient's immune system.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> Patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) received two intrapleural doses of a replication-defective adenoviral vector containing the human IFNα2b gene (Ad.IFN) concomitant with a 14-day course of celecoxib followed by chemotherapy. Primary outcomes were safety, toxicity, and objective response rate; secondary outcomes included progression-free and overall survival. Biocorrelates on blood and tumor were measured.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Forty subjects were treated: 18 received first-line pemetrexed-based chemotherapy, 22 received second-line chemotherapy with pemetrexed (<i>n</i> = 7) or gemcitabine (<i>n</i> = 15). Treatment was generally well tolerated. The overall response rate was 25%, and the disease control rate was 88%. Median overall survival (MOS) for all patients with epithelial histology was 21 months versus 7 months for patients with nonepithelial histology. MOS in the first-line cohort was 12.5 months, whereas MOS for the second-line cohort was 21.5 months, with 32% of patients alive at 2 years. No biologic parameters were found to correlate with response, including numbers of activated blood T cells or NK cells, regulatory T cells in blood, peak levels of IFNα in blood or pleural fluid, induction of antitumor antibodies, nor an immune-gene signature in pretreatment biopsies.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> The combination of intrapleural Ad.IFN, celecoxib, and chemotherapy proved safe in patients with MPM. OS rate was significantly higher than historical controls in the second-line group. Results of this study support proceeding with a multicenter randomized clinical trial of chemo-immunogene therapy versus standard chemotherapy alone. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 22(15); 3791–800. ©2016 AACR</i>.</p></div>

<div>Abstract<p><b>Purpose:</b> “<i>In situ</i> vaccination” using immunogene therapy has the ability to induce polyclonal antitumor responses directed by the patient's immune system.</p><p><b>Experimental Design:</b> Patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) received two intrapleural doses of a replication-defective adenoviral vector containing the human IFNα2b gene (Ad.IFN) concomitant with a 14-day course of celecoxib followed by chemotherapy. Primary outcomes were safety, toxicity, and objective response rate; secondary outcomes included progression-free and overall survival. Biocorrelates on blood and tumor were measured.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Forty subjects were treated: 18 received first-line pemetrexed-based chemotherapy, 22 received second-line chemotherapy with pemetrexed (<i>n</i> = 7) or gemcitabine (<i>n</i> = 15). Treatment was generally well tolerated. The overall response rate was 25%, and the disease control rate was 88%. Median overall survival (MOS) for all patients with epithelial histology was 21 months versus 7 months for patients with nonepithelial histology. MOS in the first-line cohort was 12.5 months, whereas MOS for the second-line cohort was 21.5 months, with 32% of patients alive at 2 years. No biologic parameters were found to correlate with response, including numbers of activated blood T cells or NK cells, regulatory T cells in blood, peak levels of IFNα in blood or pleural fluid, induction of antitumor antibodies, nor an immune-gene signature in pretreatment biopsies.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> The combination of intrapleural Ad.IFN, celecoxib, and chemotherapy proved safe in patients with MPM. OS rate was significantly higher than historical controls in the second-line group. Results of this study support proceeding with a multicenter randomized clinical trial of chemo-immunogene therapy versus standard chemotherapy alone. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 22(15); 3791–800. ©2016 AACR</i>.</p></div>