English-speaking anxiety is a specific phenomenon in the context of English language learning which has debilitating consequences on EFL learners’ speaking skills if the condition is severe. Focusing on this issue, this study was intended to describe the levels of speaking anxiety of English Education Study Program’s fourth-semester students who are taking Advanced English-Speaking Course at University of Palangka Raya. To obtain the objective, the data were collected through observation, questionnaire, and documentation. The result of data analysis revealed that the participants mostly experience a moderate speaking anxiety level because their average number of speaking anxiety signs as observed is 2, and their average FLSAS score from the questionnaire is 53.83. As evidenced by the data distribution, 15 participants (42.9%) have a moderate level, followed by 14 participants (40.0%) who have a low level and 6 participants (17.1%) who have a high level. Furthermore, it can be inferred that the higher the level of speaking anxiety is, the lower the speaking score they have. Concerning this result, it is suggested that the lecturers should formulate teaching strategies to help students reduce their speaking anxiety. Likewise, students should be active in finding ways to alleviate their speaking anxiety level.

Indonesia is a country with abundant natural resources that support its economic growth. One of the natural resources of Indonesia is Sargassum sp, a genus of brown algae (Phaeophyta). Alginate is the main constituent of the cell walls, is composed of calcium salts, magnesium, sodium, and potassium alginate. The purposes of this study were to synthesize Sodium Alginate, to analyze the effect of NaOH concentration, to characterize and identify, as well as to apply as emulsifier, dispersant therefore it affect an antibacterial properties of Rice Bran Oil bar soap, RBO. As the research method, the extraction of Alginate was conducted through the acid pathway with the concentration of NaOH varied into 2%, 4%, 8%, 10%, and 12%, cell disruption with 1% of HCI, extraction with 4% of Na2CO3, and conversion into alginic acid with the addition of 10% of HCI. The conversion of alginic acid into Sodium Alginate was conducted by adding NaOH. The addition of isopropyl alcohol was done for the purification. The product characterization was carried out on the pH and water content, while the identification was performed by using FTIR. Then, an evaluation was done for the application of antibacterial properties on RBO bar soap. The results of this study showed that the best condition was indicated from the addition of 4% NaOH concentration with 10.95% yields, 5-9 pH level, as well as 3.3% - 36.67% water content. The result of FTIR analysis indicated that the product obtained was Sodium Alginate with asymmetric group COO, hydroxyl group OH , and symmetric group COO. The evaluation result of Sodium Alginate  on the antibacterial properties of rice bran oil bar soap indicated an ineffective result in inhibiting bacterial growth. Keywords : Brown algae, FTIR, Sodium Alginate, Sodium Hydroxyde

Previous studies on Hemingway are mostly about his major novels. The writer of the article therefore chose another form of Hemingway’s works, those are short stories. This article argues that it is important to read Hemingway’s works with the knowledge about his own complex characters. By reading the biographies, reader will learn more about Hemingway both as a man and a legend and his treatment to his female characters. This article intends to indicate to the readers that it is important to connect Hemingway’s theme about women identities in his stories to his own life because many parallels have been drawn.

Since cellulose is an important element for the production of tissue paper, many researchers used natural-based materials as an alternative in the manufacture of tissue paper so that it will be more environmentally friendly and safe to use for the community. Previous studies have found that cassava peel waste (57% cellulose) or durian peel (60-65%) each can be an alternative raw material for making tissues with quality does not differ much from tissue products in general. This study aims to determine the influence of durian peel and cassava peel mixture composition with a variation of mass ratio as 1:1; 1:1,5 ; 1:2 ; 1:2,5 ; 1:3 ; 1,5:1 ; 2:1 ; 2,5:1 ; 3:1. This research uses sodium hydroxide 10% for chemical pulping and bleached by 2% of hydrogen peroxide. Once the lignin has been rinsed out from the pulp, sheeting should be carried out by adding tapioca, chitosan and virgin coconut oil. Based on the test analysis and referring to SNI 0103:2008, the optimal composition of durian peel and cassava peel mixture is on the mass ratio of 3:1 which has a gramatur value of 41 g/m2, water absorption of 6.3cm, crushed resistance of 46 seconds and color does not fade, with a clean appearance, a little soft and not perforated so that it almost resembles tissues on the market, although it still has some stiffness to the surface.

really value their vernacular and consider it as a cultural wealth that has to be preserved. Even though sometimes they have to shift their language when communicate with those who cannot speak it, it is not the reason for them to not maintain their vernacular. Frequent contact with family and homeland, and keep using the language in every chance are the effective ways to maintain the language. Through the findings, it can be learned that an incentive and willingness to maintain a language comes after the awareness to respect and value it.