No abstract

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumour and leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. VEGF being a powerful mediator of angiogenesis, plays a major role in local growth as well as metastasis of many solid tumours including breast carcinoma. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the significance of VEGF expression in breast cancer and its correlation with prognostic parameters. Materials and methods: This study was conducted over a period of one year (February 2015 to January 2016). VEGF expression was evaluated in 57 histologically diagnosed cases of breast carcinoma with known ER and HER-2/neu status. Result: Among 57 cases 52(91.2%) were positive for VEGF. Positive ER expression was seen in 39 cases which is 64.8% of total cases. 54% of the total cases were positive for HER-2/neu. VEGF expression was positively correlated (P value <0.05) with tumour grade, tumour size and negatively correlated with ER (p<0.005) and HER-2/neu (p<0.005). Significant correlation also found with tumour type (p<.005). Conclusion: Considering the observations of the current study, it can be concluded that VEGF may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of breast carcinoma and has a positive correlation with biologically aggressive tumour. So consideration of this biomarker (VEGF) is to be regarded as a prognostic parameter and critical evaluator of targeted chemotherapy Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(3) 2019 p.513-518

We report a rare case of adenocarcinoma in retroperitoneal teratoma in a 38 year old female patient who attended surgical OPD with complaints of dragging pain and heaviness in left lumbar region. Straight x-ray abdomen showed few irregular calcifications in left lumbar region. USG and CT showed it to be adrenal tumor and retroperitoneal teratoma respectively. Excised specimen confirmed it as mucin secreting adenocarcinoma in a case of retroperitoneal teratoma.

The use of seton still remains a reasonably valid option for its simplicity and optimal results in treating high anal fistulae. Ours was a single-centre retrospective study on patients with supra-sphincteric and transsphincteric types of high anal fistula, using the ‘kharsutra’ as seton. The first group were treated with a seton alone, while the second with a seton and partial fistulotomy. Results were similar and quite acceptable in both groups.