Catheters impregnated with silver sulfadiazine and chlorhexidine had a smaller proportion of catheter-related infection compared with unprotected catheters. Fever alone as an indication for guidewire exchange resu

No abstract

This protocol did not lead to the emergence of resistant bacteria.

SUMMARY : Sixty Streptomyces isolates which produce polyene antibiotics were isolated from 25 soil samples collected in different parts of the world. Of these isolates 25 produced tetraenes, 23 produced pentaenes, 1 produced a hexaene, and 15 produced heptaenes. One isolate produced simultaneously a tetraene and a pentaene, another produced a tetraene and a heptaene, and a third produced a tetraene, a pentaene and a heptaene. The antibiotics showed activity against a wide range of fungi ; the minimum inhibitory concentrations against Saccharomyces cereuisiae, Aspergillus niger, Mucor racernosus, Candida albicans, Fusarium culmorum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes are given for 10 of them. The distribution of activity between culture filtrate and mycelium is given for 14 of the antibiotics.Hazen & Brown (1951) described the isolation of an antifungal antibiotic (fungicidin) from a Streptomyces sp. It was active against a wide range of yeasts and other fungi, but not against bacteria. The ultraviolet (u.v.) absorption spectrum of the antibiotic in ethanol showed sharp maxima a t 290, 305 and 320 mp.; the frequency differences between these absorption peaks is characteristic of a series of conjugated double bonds, and the chromophoric grouping of the compound is of polyene type. Many other antibiotics of similar properties have been described in recent years in publications from the U.S.A. or Japan, and they may be grouped together on the basis of certain general properties :(1) They inhibit the growth of a wide range of fungi, including yeasts, but are inactive against bacteria.(2) They show a relatively high toxicity when injected into animals, but are much less toxic when given by mouth.(3) They are of low solubility in water but dissolve more readily in aqueous solutions of the lower alcohols, and are easily soluble in aqueous pyridine.

When the clinical decision has been made that empiric antibiotic coverage is necessary, GNR coverage should be instituted regardless of Gram's stain result. The decision to institute GPC coverage needs to be supported by clinical data other than the Gram's stain.