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This article presents a comprehensive theoretical and legal study of the legal nature, legal conditions, principles, the specifics of mediation, the legal status of a mediator in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the specifics of criminal procedural norms regulating the activities of a mediator. Conducting the research, the authors applied the following general and special scientific methods of cognition: the analysis of legal acts regulating mediation, observation, systematic and logical approaches, as well as specific scientific research methods, formal legal and historical legal methods, the research of leading international and Kazakhstan scientists who have studied this issue. The authors proposed the following improvements: to consider the possibility of normative regulation of the reconciliation of the parties at the pre-trial stage; to develop a methodology for determining the voluntariness of the victim’s agreement; the prosecutor’s explanation of the application of the institution of parties’ reconciliation; and the participation of the lawyer in the recon-ciliation of the parties in the criminal legal proceedings.

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The article describes the theoretical, legal, and criminological issues of international cooperation of Kazakhstan, national models of some countries in the combat against drug trafficking, and the spread of drug use. The authors disclosed the basic concepts of structural elements of the mechanism for legal regulation of the combat against illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors in Kazakhstan, carried out the analysis of modern criminal and common law in terms of regulation of the methods of combating against illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors and related compounds of these types of crime, criminological characteristics of drug-related crimes across regions and areas of Kazakhstan. The result of the scientific research is the formulated theoretical propositions and recommendations for improving the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and its practical application.