Objective: To gain information on the marijuana experiences and expectancies of youth in an urban Indian area, which may be used for forming the framework for the development of effective primary prevention strategies in the future. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in various colleges of Mumbai; 260 students from three colleges who were above 18 years were selected by systematic random sampling. The participant had to fill a sociodemographic questionnaire and marijuana effect expectancy questionnaire (MEEQ-B) and it was analyzed by using the SPSS software. Results: A significant association was found between negative marijuana expectancies and type of family, with cannabis users and non-users, who want to try cannabis and those who are aware of the legal issues and harmful effects of cannabis. Conclusion: Preventive drug education should begin in early adolescence and should deter or delay drug use through changes in knowledge, attitude, behavior, and expectation. Adolescent drug education must meet the needs of those naive to drugs as well as those experiencing initial drug exposure. This is the first study which highlights the youth experiences and expectancies about marijuana in India.

Background Inhaled hypertonic saline (HS) reduces pulmonary exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) aged 6 or more years. However, the effectiveness of HS in improving clinical outcomes in younger children aged 6 or less years is not established. This study examines the efficacy of HS in younger CF patients. Methods Searches were conducted across three databases (Medline, Cochrane Central and EMBASE) from inception through July 2022. Randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of HS in younger CF patients were included. Trials involving only patients greater than 6 years or control group other than isotonic saline (IS) were excluded. Outcomes measured included lung clearance index (LCI), cystic fibrosis questionnaire (CFQ-R) score, spirometry measures, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, height and weight. Outcomes were reported as mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals. Results Seven studies ( n = 390 patients) were included in this review. HS significantly reduced the LCI (MD: -0.67; 95%CI, -1.05 to 0.29, P = 0.0006) compared to IS. In addition, HS was associated with significant improvements in height (MD: 2.23; 95%CI, -0.00 to 4.46, P = 0.05) and CFQ-R (MD: 4.30; 95%CI, 0.65–7.95, P = 0.02), but not in oxygen saturation (MD: -0.15; 95%CI, -0.54 to 0.25, P = 0.47), respiratory rate (MD: -0.21; 95%CI, -2.19 to 1.77, P = 0.83) or weight (MD: 0.70; 95%CI, -0.47 to 1.87, P = 0.24). Furthermore, HS did not significantly improve spirometry measures, including FEV 1 (MD: -0.11; 95%CI, -0.21 to 0.43, P = 0.51) and forced vital capacity (MD: 0.27; 95%CI, -0.49 to 1.04, P = 0.48), but significantly improved FEF 25-75 (MD: 0.12; 95% CI, 0.05–0.20; P = 0.002). Discussion Treatment with HS in younger children with CF improves lung clearance, symptoms and quality of life. FEF 25-75 may prove a more sensitive measure for assessing intervention related improvements in pediatric CF trials. Conclusion The findings support HS as a therapeutic method in CF-affected children.

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Aim: To assess the effect of Platelet rich plasma (PRP) on healing of bed/pressure sores among immobilized orthopaedic patients. A total of 138 patients with orthopaedic injuries under immobilization for >15 days to 5Method: years with presence of bed sores were enrolled in the study. Nature of wound (acute/chronic), duration of immbolization, wound and wound size was noted. Blood samples were obtained from all the patients and autologous PRP was prepared. Each patient received 5 ml of autologous PRP directly at the wound site. The process was repeated at every 4th day till achievement of >50% reduction or till day 60th. Final outcome was noted in terms of failure (<50% reduction), partial resolution (>50% reduction) and complete resolution (complete wound healing). Data was analysed using Independent samples 't'-test. Mean age of patients was 39.89±17.07 years and majority were males (75.4%) There were a totalResults: of 169 wounds. There was a dominance of acute wounds (79.9%). Mean wound size was 62.17±115.92 cm2. Mean duration of immobility was 98.41±40.31 days. Mean number of PRP infiltrations was 4.30±2.18. At final follow up 127 (75.1%) had complete resolution and remaining 42 (24.9%) had <50% reduction in wound size. No significant difference in wound size was observed between chronic and acute wounds at different follow-up intervals. PRP proved to beConclusion: effective in healing of bed sores of both chronic as well as acute origin in immobilized orthopaedic patients.

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