Type 36 houses are built for people who have low income. Because of this, the buildings’ ventilation relies on natural airflow. One of the variables that affects natural ventilation is airflow. Airflow can affect the quality of indoor air, influencing the comfort and health of those within. This study aims to evaluate the designs of type 36 buildings from the perspective of the airflow through the unit. It uses computational fluid dynamics simulations to compare the pattern and velocity of airflow in each building design. There are six designs of type 36 house that have different layouts and placements of air vents. The results of the simulation and analysis show that rooms arranged in a way that allows for the placement of vents that were facing each other, even if they were in different rooms, generated continuous airflow without experiencing turbulence.

Abstrak: Dalam mendukung pembangunan di kawasan tertinggal (kawasan perbatasan), Pemerintah Indonesia telah mendorong kawasan-kawasan perkotaan di perbatasan untuk menjadi kawasan strategis yang mempunyai prioritas tertentu. Kawasan-kawasan tertentu menjadi pusat pertumbuhan untuk selanjutnya mentransfer hasil-hasil pembangunan terhadap kawasan lainnya. Salah satu kabupaten perbatasan yang ada di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat adalah Kabupaten Sambas. Terdapat dua kategori kawasan strategis di kabupaten ini yaitu Kecamatan Sambas (ibukota kabupaten) sebagai kawasan strategis pariwisata dan perbatasan (Temajuk dan Aruk) sebagai Pusat Kegiatan Strategis Nasional (PKSN). Dua kawasan strategis ini diharapkan dapat berinteraksi secara seimbang dan merata untuk pengembangan wilayah. Penelitian ini merupakan eksplorasi awal yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kecenderungan interaksi antarkawasan. Interaksi dianggap penting karena selama ini kawasan perbatasan merupakan kawasan tertinggal yang perlu didukung oleh kawasan lain dalam menyalurkan hasil-hasil pembangunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan prinsip dari analisis jaringan yang menggunakan tipe-tipe jaringan di antaranya jaringan teknikal (infrastruktur), jaringan transaksional, dan jaringan sosial. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antarkawasan maju dan tertinggal cenderung belum optimal. Kecamatan Sambas cenderung lebih berorientasi pada bagian selatan menuju arah ibukota provinsi, sedangkan kawasan perbatasan cenderung berorientasi ke negara tetangga serta kawasan-kawasan (internal) maju lainnya di sekitar area perbatasan.Abstract: To support the development of lagging areas (border areas), the Government of Indonesia has encouraged urban areas in the border to become strategic areas with certain development priorities. These specified areas could become a growth center for "transferring" the development outputs to the other areas. One of the border regency in West Kalimantan Province is Sambas Regency. There are two categories of "strategic areas" in this regency, that is Sambas District (the regency's capital city) as a tourism strategic area, and border area (Temajuk and Aruk) as the National Strategic Activities Center. Expectedly, these two strategic areas could interact more balanced and equally in regional development. This research deals with preliminary exploration which aims to identify the tendency of regional interaction in the strategic areas. Interaction is considerably important for the lagging areas in the border to distribute development outputs from other areas. This study applies the principle approach of network analysis by using different network types such as technical

<p><em>The research of the thermal environment of the school building is useful for determining the design strategy of a thermally comfortable school building. This research method is based on field measurements. A total of 8 classrooms from 4 public school buildings in Pontianak City with different characteristics of opening directions, orientations, and floor locations were selected in this study. The results showed that the air temperature and humidity in the classroom ranged between 26.9^oC-33.5^oC and 74.5%-84.2%. The average air velocity in the classroom is 0.24m/s. The globe temperature is higher than the air temperature with an average difference of 7.7^oC. Protection against solar radiation and increased air velocity can be potential design strategies to achieve thermal comfort in classrooms.</em></p>

Tourism industry has become one of important contributors of foreign exchange for Indonesia. In order to develop it, the central government has issued several policies, one of which is by assigning national tourism strategic areas across the country that also have a role to encourage other factors, such as economy, social-security, etc. This paper is an exploratory study on the existing tourism market in one of the national strategic areas, namely Sambas Regency in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Besides, this study also observed the synchronization of this area with other attractions and other strategic areas (borderlands). After the tourism market was identified, the relation among the visitors' origins, the places they visited, and their next trips were explored to identify the dominant characters of the movement and places. This study used survey technique and network analysis. The findings conclude that the main tourism market in tourism strategic area was still dominated by domestic market with their specific characters. The visitors did not only visit the tourism attractions in Sambas, but also pass the border to go to the neighbouring country, either directly or through Sambas. This market niche can be "exploited" by Sambas regency by rearranging their attraction hierarchy, placing attractions around Sambas palace as the centre, and making the border either as an entrance or continued attractions.

Pontianak has numbers of culinary tourism potentials. The diversity factor and the significant development of culinary tourism have the potential to become the branding of Pontianak. Currently, the rise of fast food culinary and the absence of a representative culinary tourism container is a challenge for the development of culinary tourism in Pontianak. The design of Pontianak typical culinary tourism center can be the answer to these problems. The right location in the city's arterial road area and near settlements for easy access to the location and easy to identify. The choice of location is on Jalan Letkol Sugiono, South Pontianak District. The design starts from the analysis of commercial, recreational and educational functions. The design method consists of five stages, namely the idea stage, data collection, analysis, synthesis and design. The result of the design is a culinary tourism center with five floors. Space division based on space program and space hierarchy. The application of the neo vernacular theme is manifested in the composition, facade, and interior of the building.