Waqf has a potential in developing a social and economic aspect of society. The development of waqf instrument in the attempt of social and economic growth is able to be obtained through the new concept of waqf, that is cash waqf. However, the realization of cash waqf collection was not met its potential. Based on the previous studies, one of the factors that caused the low quantity of cash waqf collection was the people that had less awareness and comprehension towards cash waqf. Even several people that already gave their waqf had only known the waqf in the form of immovable asset. This study aims to describe respondents' characteristics and analyze the possible factors that affect wakifs' perception towards cash waqf in Bogor City. The method used in this study was descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis. This study was done in Bogor City and involved 50 respondents. Based on the data analysis results, wakifs' perception was known to be affected by their comprehension towards cash waqf and their social motivation.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari aktivitas proporsi berbagai cairan rumen dalam mengatasi tannin melalui teknik in vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 2 bulan di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 proporsi cairan rumen dari berbagai ternak ruminansia (sapi, kambing, dan kerbau). Perlakuan terdiri atas P1 (25:50:25); P2 (25:25:50) dan P3 (50:25:25). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah total populasi bakteri (cfu/ml), konsentrasi tannin (mg/ml), dan konsentrasi N-NH3 (mM). Semua perlakuan menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata, akan tetapi total populasi bakteri meningkat pada setiap perlakuan. Konsentrasi tannin tidak berbeda nyata kecuali untuk P3 (0.078 mg/ml menjadi 0.060 mg/ml). N-NH3 pada semua perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata (0.05 mM), akan tetapi ada aktivitas mikroba pada semua perlakuan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat bakteri di berbagai cairan rumen yang mampu mencerna dan toleran terhadap tannin.Kata kunci : Aktifitas proporsi, berbagai cairan rumen, tannin, teknik in vitro

The Indonesian government has used sukuk to finance infrastructure since 2013. However, the issuance of sukuk for infrastructure financing is still low compared to the total value of available underlying assets because of many problems and barriers. This study aims to identify priority problems, solutions and strategies in the implementation of sukuk for infrastructure financing from the obligor perspective. The research uses analytic network process method. The results show that the priority of the problem is the low maximum limit for the issuance of sukuk for infrastructure, market risk, the realization of sukuk issuance for infrastructure is still low, the low sukuk market share compared to bonds, monitoring and evaluation of the use of funds is not optimal. The priority of the solution is to push to complete the project on time so that the burden of costs does not increase, increase the maximum limit for issuance of sukuk, increase the issuance of sukuk for infrastructure investment, optimize monitoring and evaluation of the use of funds, open up broad opportunities for foreign investors. The priority strategies are Synergy, innovation, and the use of IT.

One of variable to calculate the Human Development Index (HDI) is a decent standard of living derived from the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) figure. Therefore, the increase in HDI could be influenced by GDP. Furthermore, as a Muslim-majority country and adopting a dual banking system, Indonesia's GDP is certainly also influenced by the Islāmic financial sector, such as zakat and Islāmic bank financing. In this case, zakat plays role as a wealth distribution instrument. Then Islamic bank financing could be a funding capital for the community and the country. So, this study analyzes the direct and indirect relationship between the variables of zakat, Islamic bank financing and GDP to the HDI. The method used is path analysis which aims to look at the hypothesis of causal relationships. The results obtained are the direct relationship of Islamic bank financing and GDP significantly positive effect on HDI. Zakat and Islamic bank financing variables have a positive effect on GDP. The greatest coefficient value between direct relationships is the coefficient of Islamic bank financing on GDP, which is equal to 81.7%. But the direct relationship of zakat to the HDI cannot be known. While the indirect relationship shows that there is an influence between the variables of zakat on the HDI through GDP and there is an influence between the variables of Islamic bank financing on the HDI through GDP.

AbstrakTelah dilaku kan penelitian tentang pengaruh ekstrak rokok, kopi dan minu man beralkohol terhadap aktivitas enzim papain. Tujuan penelitian in i untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak rokok, kopi dan minu man beralkohol terhadap aktivitas enzim pencernaan terutama enzim protease dimana papain digunakan sebagai model. Enzim papain menghidrolisis substrat dihambat dengan mencegah interaksi antara gugus -SH dari Sis25 dengan atom N imidazo l dari His159 dari papain untuk membuat sisi aktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak roko k, ekstrak kopi dan minu man beralkohol masing-masing menunjukkan penghambatan terhadap aktivitas enzim papain sebesar 27,3%, 35%, dan 22,3%. AbstractHas done research on the influence of Cigaretes extracts, coffee and alcoholic beverages on the activity of the enzy me papain. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of extracts of cigarettes, coffee and alcoholic beverages on the activity of digestive enzymes, especially protease enzy me papain which is used as a model. Papain enzy me hydrolyzes the substrate is inhibited by preventing the interaction between-SH groups of Cys25 with imidazo le N atom of His159 of papain to make the active side. The results showed that the ext ract of cigarettes, coffee and alcoholic ext racts each showed inhibition against papain enzyme activity of 27.3%, 35%, and 22.3%.