Of five commercial plant extracts (citronella, garlic oil, neem extract, pine oil, and pyrethrum), citronella was found to be effective in deterring the infestation of cartons containing muesli and wheat germ by red flour beetles. The chemical components were applied as part of a coating on the carton board. In an experimental set up that accelerates infestation over a 2 week period, citronella-treated cartons (0.2 g/m2 of carton board) reduced beetle infestation to approximately 50% of the level observed in control cartons. Evidence was provided to indicate that an insect repellent effect persists for at least 16 weeks. Additional work on the controlled release of the insect repellent would be required to prolong the effect.

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