Manganese (II) complexes of Schiff bases; 2-acetylthiophene 4‑phenylthiosemi-carbazone (AT-PTSC) and 2-furylmethylketone-4-phenylthiosemi-carbazone (AF‑PTSC) derived from condensation of 2-acetylthiophene and 2-furylmethylketone (2-acetylfuran) each with 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide in (1:1 molar ratio) ethanol, have been synthesized. The Schiff bases and the Mn(II) complexes were characterized on the basis of melting point/decomposition temperature, solubility, magnetic susceptibility, infrared spectra, molar conductance measurements,  elemental and gravimetric  analyses. The Mn(II) complexes show moderate values of decomposition temperatures. The Schiff bases and the complexes were soluble in some common organic solvents. Infrared spectral data of the Schiff bases and their complexes, indicate coordination of the Schiff bases to the metal(II) ion via azomethine nitrogen. The effective magnetic moment of the Mn(II) complexes suggested an octahedral geometry. The molar conductance values of the complexes show that the complexes are electrolytes. The results of the elemental analysis of the ligands and their complexes are in good agreement with the calculated values, suggesting a 1:2 (metal-ligand) ratio. Antimicrobial screenings of the ligands and their complexes were conducted against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus,) and two gram-negative (Salmonella typhii, and Escherichia coli) bacteria specie. Also three fungi mainly (Candida albicans, Mucus indicus and Aspergillus flavus) were tested. The results showed that both the ligands and the complexes are active against the bacteria and the fungi specie. Keywords: Ligand, Schiff base, 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide, 2-acetylthiophene, 2-acetylfuran molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, elemental analysis.

Briquettes samples were manually produced using a hydraulic press from rice husk using starch and gum Arabic resin as binders. The proximate analysis of the samples reveals that the briquette produced using starch binder has the moisture value (9.26±0.251), Ash (16.29±0.172), Volatile matter (64.17±0.306), and fixed carbon content of (9.55±0.502) respectively whereas the gum Arabic bonded briquette has the moisture value (10.68±0.214), Ash (19.89±0.775), Volatile matter (60.84±0.250), and fixed carbon content of (8.26±0.535) respectively. The physical characteristics of the samples shows that the starch bonded briquette has the compressive strength of (0.668± 0.012 N/mm2), density (0.68±0,028 g/cm3), ignition time (0.17±0.01 cm/s), afterglow (313±6.123 sec), and calorific value (10.35±0.135 MJ/Kg) respectively whereas the gum Arabic bonded briquette has the compressive strength of (0.559±0.031 N/mm2), density (0.575±0.031 g/cm3), ignition time (0.13±0.007 cm/s), afterglow (187±7.035 sec), and calorific value (9.47±0.095 MJ/Kg) respectively. Water boiling test shows that both the starch and gum Arabic bonded briquettes boil water to 1000C at 18 and 22 minutes respectively. The thermal efficiency of the briquettes during water boiling test shows that the starch bonded briquette has the highest thermal efficiency.

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There were two ways used to synthesized cobalt (II) complexes of pyrazole by solid state. The first route involved direct reaction of the appropriate cobalt (II) acetate with pyrazole and pyrazolium chloride to form bispyrazole cobalt(II) salts, [(HPz)2CoCl2]. This was further ground in the second route with a two equivalents of a base (KOH) to make polymeric cobalt (II) pyrazolate [Co(Pz)2]. In all the synthesis above the ratio of ligand to cobalt (II) acetate was 2:1. All the cobalt (II) complexes were found to be of different colour from the starting materials and were characterized using solubility test, which showed that the complexes have poor solubility in most of the solvents used except in dimethylsulfoxide where they were soluble and the molar conductivity measurements of the complexes have low values (ranging from 6.44-6.45Ω-1cm2mol-1) which showed that they are non-electrolytes. The decomposition temperature showed that all the complexes have relatively low decomposition temperatures (93°C- 95°C). Characterization of the complexes via infrared analysis confirmed the coordination of metal with the ligand through pyridine-nitrogen and deprotonated-nitrogen in the range of 435.93cm-1 Co-N bonds and 406.99cm-1Co –N (for the route A and B respectively). The magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out at room temperature and the effective magnetic moment values for all the complexes further confirmed complexation of the metal (II) ions with the ligand and also indicates that the cobalt (II) complexes are paramagnetic. The plot of absorbance against mole fraction in each case gives a curve with maximum absorbance corresponding to the ligand mole fraction used in calculating the number of coordinated ligands and 1:2 metal-ligand ratios were obtained in all the complexes. Keywords:  Mechanochemical, Pyrazole, Pyrazolate, Grinding, Mechanochemical Elimination.

Endometrial or uterine cancer is a malignancy arising from the endometrium of the uterus. Women have a 1 in 40 life-time risk of being diagnosed with endometrial cancer, the fourth most common malig¬nancy among women. Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in the developed world. The binding mode of some endometrial cancer agents in the active site of human estrogen receptor (PDB1*1P) (receptor) was studied via molecular docking. Molecule 6 was identified to have the highest binding energy of -10.1 kcal/mol among other selected compounds which might be as a result of hydrogen bond interactions formed with ASP480 amino acid residues and hydrophobic/other interactions formed with LEU508, LEU479 and ILE451 amino acid residues in the active site of the receptor. The drug-likeness properties of these selected endometrial cancer agents were predicted following the Lipinski’s rule of five and were found to be orally active and bioavailable as they obeyed the used filtering criterion. Based on the pharmacokinetic properties predicted, they were seen to have good ADMET properties. This research proposed a way for designing potent endometrial cancer agents against their target enzyme (human estrogen receptor).