RESUMOEstudou-se o efeito da suplementação com misturas múltiplas sobre o consumo, digestibilidade e desempenho de novilhos Nelore, em pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha Cv. Marandu, submetidos a quatro tratamentos. No tratamento um (T1), cada animal recebeu 800g/dia de suplemento contendo uréia como fonte de nitrogênio não protéico (NNP); no tratamento dois (T2), recebeu 800g/dia de mistura na qual a uréia foi substituída por amiréia como fonte de NNP; no tratamento três (T3), recebeu 1500g/dia de uma mistura com amiréia; e no tratamento quatro (T4= controle), recebeu sal mineral. Seis animais por tratamento foram utilizados para se medir o consumo pela técnica de indicador externo (óxido crômico), e 10 animais foram usados na avaliação de ganho de peso. Foram utilizados dois animais canulados no esôfago para coleta de amostra de extrusa. Os animais suplementados obtiveram ganhos de peso superiores (P<0,05) aos do tratamento-controle, 435, 419, 467 e 271 g/dia para os tratamentos T1, T2, T3 e T4, respectivamente. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca (MS) foram de 56,7, 49,8, 48,9 e 45,5% para os tratamentos T1, T2, T3 e T4, respectivamente, sendo correlacionados positivamente com a digestibilidade in vitro da MS (P<0,05). A suplementação com misturas múltiplas promoveu aumento no consumo (P<0,05).Palavras-chave: bovino, amiréia, mistura múltipla, suplementação 56.7, 49.8, 48.9 and 45.5%, respectively, for T1, T2, T3 and T4. A ABSTRACT

-To verify the effects of energy supplementation and fat on follicular dynamics, metabolic profile and the production of oocytes, 15 young heifers (Bos taurus indicus) with an average age of 14 months and with an initial weight of 256.35 kg were assigned to two treatments according to weight and follicular population as evaluated by ultrasonography: in T1 (1.0 × M), animals received 100% of the energy requirements for maintenance; in T2 (1.7 × M), animals received 170% of the energy requirements for maintenance, achieved by the addition of 200 g of Megalac ® . After a period of adaptation to the diet, the treatments, blood collection and follicular aspirations were started using a randomized design. The dry matter intake and weight gain were lower in the 1.0 × M group than in the 1.7 × M group. No differences were found in the plasma progesterone concentrations, albumin, glucose, urea or gonadotropin (FSH and LH) levels between the groups. The mean concentrations of cholesterol were higher in the 1.7 × M group. The total number of small (<4 mm) and medium follicles (4-8 mm) was not altered by the treatments, but the number of small follicles increased on days 1 and 2 of the estrous cycle, with higher values found in the 1.7 × M group. The average of the oocytes also increased (9.50±2.1 and 12.5±4.4 for the 1.0 × M and 1.7 × M groups, respectively). The rapid increase in the amount of energy offered in the diet changes the amount of follicles and oocytes available for follicular aspiration (OPU) in young heifers without changing their metabolic profile.

-The objective of this work was to apply fuzzy majority multicriteria group decision-making to determine risk areas for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) introduction along the border between Brazil and Paraguay. The study was conducted in three municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, located along the border with Paraguay. Four scenarios were built, applying the following linguistic quantifiers to describe risk factors: few, half, many, and most. The three criteria considered to be most likely to affect the vulnerability to introduction of FMD, according to experts' opinions, were: the introduction of animals in the farm, the distance from the border, and the type of property settlements. The resulting maps show a strong spatial heterogeneity in the risk of FMD introduction. The used methodology brings out a new approach that can be helpful to policy makers in the combat and eradication of FMD.Index terms: Aphthovirus, cloven-footed animals, FMD, multicriteria analysis, risk map. Mapeamento do risco de introdução da febre aftosa na fronteira do Brasil com o ParaguaiResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar a metodologia de análise multicritério difusa para tomada de decisões em grupo, para determinar áreas de risco de introdução da febre aftosa na fronteira do Brasil com o Paraguai. O estudo foi conduzido em três municípios do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, localizados na fronteira com o Paraguai. Quatro cenários foram construídos, tendo-se aplicado os seguintes quantificadores linguísticos para descrever os fatores de risco: poucos, metade, muitos e maioria. Os três critérios considerados mais prováveis de influenciar a vulnerabilidade à introdução da febre aftosa, de acordo com a opinião dos especialistas, foram: a introdução de animais na fazenda, a distância da fronteira e a existência do tipo de propriedade assentamentos. Os mapas resultantes mostram uma forte heterogeneidade espacial no risco de introdução da febre aftosa. A metodologia utilizada traz uma nova abordagem que pode auxiliar políticas públicas no combate e na erradicação da febre aftosa.Termos para indexação: Aphtovirus, animais biungulados, FMD, análise multicritério, mapas de risco.

Best production practices for Beef Cattle (BPP) is a protocol created by Embrapa Beef Cattle in Brazil, to guide farmers towards more sustainable production. The protocol includes checkpoints to the whole production system (management, nutrition, animal health and welfare, pasture, reproduction, environmental, etc.). Despite the benefits of the BPP, it is not mandatory for Brazilian farmers. As such, until the present moment only a few farmers have adopted it. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of the BPP on the carcass classification of animals from farms registered in the Brazilian government incentive program “Precoce MS.” The program was created in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil in 2017 and provides tax benefits to beef producers who harvest animals at young ages with superior carcass quality. Nowadays, almost a quarter of the total beef harvested in MS State is originated from this program. The bonus ranges from 49% up to 67% of tax refunds, depending on the carcass classification. We have analyzed data from all animals slaughtered from the beginning of 2017 until the end of 2018, with a total of 1,107 million animals from 1,437 farms. At the slaughterhouse, animals were submitted to carcass classification. To comply with the program requirements, carcasses should meet three basic criteria: age (maximum 4 permanent teeth), fat deposition (between 1 mm and 10 mm) and carcass weight (&gt; 225 kg for steers and bulls, and &gt; 180 kg for heifers). Farmers that adopted BBP had only 12.4% of disqualified animals compared to 16,1% from farms that did not adopt the protocol (P &lt; 0,001). We concluded that farms that follow the BPP protocol achieved significantly higher quality carcass, which should encourage more farmers to adopt the protocol in the future.

The requirement of traceability of information for food is an increasingly important condition for gaining the confidence and loyalty of the consumer. The concept of geotraceability arose through the association between knowledge of a geographical nature with the traditional information provided by traceability. This study explored the use of design of spatial information inherent to biophysical parameters of the pasture (vegetation indices and evapotranspiration) combined with data collection on the mobility of cattle in pasture areas for extraction and availability of spatially explicit information that can assist sustainable cattle production. From the trajectories, it was observed the existence of a typical behavioral pattern of the animals, such as the preference to walk towards clean and flat terrain, search for areas that present better thermal comfort or regions near to supplementary feeding (salt, food, etc.) and the access to water. Overall, it is noticed that in a pasture environment, the animals prioritize their primary physiological needs, that is, water consumption and thermal regulation. The results are promising in terms of applied research for behavioral analysis of animals and environmental interactions associated with mobility. The technique used in the study has the potential to be applied in the implementation of cattle production geodecision systems that support good production practices and favor the quality and safety of food with environmental sustainability.