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Nitration studies have been conducted on the bis(acetamido), bis(p-toluenesulfonamido), and bis(trifluoroacetamido) derivatives of 2,6-diamino-4,8-dinitro-and 1,5-diaminonaphthalene. The bis(trifluoroacetamides) were nitrated readily to produce tetranitro derivatives, whereas the p-toluenesulfonamides and acetamides gave predominantely dinitro products. The tetrakis(trifluoroacetyl) and tetraacetyl derivatives of 1,3,5,7-tetraaminonaphthalene were nitrated to yield diand mononitro products, respectively. Solvolysis of some of the amides was successful (most facile with trifluoroacetamido), leading to the first preparations of 2,6-diamino-1,4,5,8-tetranitro-, l,5-diamino-4,8-dinitro-, and l,5-dinitro-2,4,6,8-tetraaminonaphthalenes. Peracid oxidation of the new diamines or amides failed to yield polynitronaphthalenes. The effect of structure on the course of nitration, solvolysis, and oxidation of the new nitrated naphthalene derivatives is discussed.

Static and dynamic voltage-current characteristics of the electric arc are reviewed, with emphasis on high-current arcs. Typical arc behavior in both d-c and a-c circuits is described with oscillographic examples. The nature and use of some mathematical models for explaining and predicting dynamic behavior of arcs in their connected circuits are considered. Separate contributions to dynamic arc behavior of the arc column and of the electrode regions are discussed.

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