The most massive components of the microplankton were studied in the open sea waters for the first time at the end of the autumn season. It has been found that abundance of the virio- and bacterioplankton exceeded that observed in winter in the coastal zone. Against the background of a relatively uniform distribution of bacteria, the viral abundance and the lysis-mediated bacterioplankton death rate reached the maximum values in the most cold and salty waters of the northern sea areas.

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This paper presents some research results of the plankton laboratory MMBI RAS over the past 5 years. One of the main directions was the study of the structure of zooplankton communities and an assessment of their productivity off the coast of the Kola Peninsula and in the coastal waters of the Svalbard archipelago.Analysis of the vast perennial material revealed the main features of the spatial distribution of phytoplankton in the water area of the Pechora Sea. In the ice edge zone for nano-, micro-and zooplankton, the presence of ice edge effect in different seasons of the year is shown. It has been shown that in the Barents Sea, the Polar Front is not the boundary between various pelagic phytocenoses. During the polar night, virio-, bacterio-, phyto-and zooplankton were studied. When studyingthe deep-sea Barents Sea shelf, an autochthonous community of microalgae was found, the lower distribution limit of which is 300 m isobath.

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