Reintroduction is an effective tool for restoring endangered populations. There is increasing concern, however, that demographic restoration may not equate with genetic restoration. We examine the demographic-genetic contrast in the context of one of the world's most successful carnivore population restorations. Beginning in 1982, a total of 835 river otters Lontra canadensis were reintroduced to Missouri, USA, more than 50 years after extirpation. Most otters were translocated from Louisiana, USA, and released at 43 sites across the state. An estimated population of 11 000-18 000 otters existed by 2000, and density estimates for Missouri otters are now similar to those reported for populations across the continent, indicating demographic recovery. We used microsatellite genotyping and mitochondrial sequence analysis of DNA extracted from fecal samples from eight southern Missouri rivers, in conjunction with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analyses from several native Louisiana otter populations, to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of otters within Missouri as compared with Louisiana. The Missouri population showed moderate to high heterozygosity and allelic diversity, similar to that of the source populations, but low mtDNA haplotype diversity. We detected five distinct genetic clusters distributed throughout the eight rivers, with no evidence of isolation by distance. These data collectively suggest that 30 years after restoration efforts commenced, Missouri river otters have retained genetic diversity levels similar to those of the source populations, but that genetic structure has not reached an equilibrium between migration and genetic drift. Thus, the Missouri otter population has made a robust recovery despite retaining the genetic signature of the reintroduction.Restored otter genetic structure R. A. Mowry et al.

Este estudo buscou revisar sistematicamente a literatura acerca das expectativas de vida e perspectiva de futuros em pacientes oncológicos. Foramincluídos artigos internacionais publicados entre 1990 e 2017. Para a realização das buscas, foram utilizados os descritores Life expectancy, Futureplans, Hope, Terminal patient, oriundos do portal EBSCO Host pelas bases de dados MEDLINE with full text, Soc INDEX e MEDLINE complete edo portal da CAPES pelas bases Science Direct, Sciello, Web of Science e Psyc INFO. Os estudos apontaram maior ênfase em questões relacionadasà esperança e bem estar de pacientes com diferentes tipos e estadiamento do câncer, destacando-se a importância da comunicação entre a equipemultidisciplinar em saúde, paciente e familiares/cuidadores.