By directly observing the nuclear polarization of I29 Xe, the efficiency r? of spin exchange between optically pumped Rb spins and 129 Xe nuclei has been measured. It is found that I/77 = 23 ± 4 rubidium D { resonance-line photons are required to polarize a 129 Xe nucleus when long-lived van der Waals molecules are unimportant. The binary spin-exchange cross section deduced from our measurements is cr ex = (7.3 ± 1.1)x 10" 21 cm 2 .
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