These findings indicate that laparoscopic hepatectomy avoids the disadvantages of standard hepatectomy for HCC in properly selected patients with cirrhosis and that its minimal invasiveness improves patients' quality of life.

PbI2 single crystals grown in gel and grown from vapour were studied by X-ray diffraction. The structure analysis of the type 2H with space group P3ml has revealed that the z coordinate of the I ion is 0.268 and the thermal vibration of the Pb ion in its own layer is considerably smaller as compared with that perpendicular to the layer. From the dependence of the frequencies of types 2H and 12R[1313 on temperature of crystal growth, it has been shown that type 2H is the most common type at room temperature and type 12R[1313 the most common type at high temperatures. Observations on the 2H-12R transformation by annealing have revealed that this transformation is reversible.

Five new PbI2 polytypes, 8H(1232), 10H(11112112), 10H(112222), 22H[11(22)5] and 30R[111313]3, were solved by the X‐ray diffraction method. It was found on polytypic change that (a) the 2H polytype is changed into various polytypes on heating at 130°C and most of these further change to 12R[13]3 on heating at 260°C; (b) the polytypes 4H, faulted 4H, 14H, 22H, 26H and 30R with layer structures similar to the 12R[13]3 are fairly stable at high temperatures; (c) the 2H‐30R [111313]3 transformation occurs reversibly.

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