Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) contains antibacterial properties; this study evaluated the effect of including MLE, breed and storage time on semen quality of boars extended with Beltsville thawing solution (BTS). Semen samples were collected weekly from twelve boars (Four Duroc, four Large White and four Landrace). Samples were extended with 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00g MLE inclusions. Parameters; volume and concentration were taken immediately after collection while pH, mass activity (%MA), progressive motility (%PM), liveability (%LA) and abnormality (%ABN) were taken at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance. All parameters considered except %ABN were significant (p<0.05). MA ranged between 3.31 (1.00gMLE) and 4.00 (0gMLE). Highest PM was 60.93% in 0.25gMLE, pH differed with 6.98 (0gMLE) and 6.90 (1.00gMLE), 0gMLE (89.64%) had higher LA compared to 0.25gMLE (86.40%), ABN ranged between3.94 to 4.60%. As storage time increased viability of all semen parameters reduced, between 48 and 72 hours parameters reduced below normal limits. Breed effect differed (p<0.05) for MA, Volume and Conc., Duroc (3.78) had higher MA compared to Large White (3.64) and Landrace (3.60). Semen volume (p<0.05) for Landrace (255.20g) was highest while Duroc (170.80g) was lowest. Large white concentration (201.8million spermatozoa/ml) was higher (p<0.05) than Landrace (187.4 million spermatozoa/ml) and Duroc (123.8million spermatozoa/ml). %LA ranged between 88.06% and 88.72% for Duroc and landrace respectively while %ABN was between 3.97-4.41% for Large White and Landrace. This study concluded that 0.75-1.00gMLE could replace synthetic antibiotic in BTS for 24 hours. L'extrait de feuille de Moringa oleifera (le 'MLE') contient des propriétés antibactériennes ; Cette étude a évalué l'effet de l'inclusion de 'MLE', de la race et du temps de stockage sur la qualité du sperme de verrats exotiques additionnés de solution de décongélation de Beltsville (le 'BTS'). Des échantillons de sperme ont été prises chaque semaine de douze verrats (quatre Duroc, quatre Large White et quatre Landrace). Les échantillons ont été étendus avec des inclusions de 0, 0,25, 0,50, 0,75 et 1,00 g de 'MLE'. Paramètres ; le volume et la concentration ont été prélevés immédiatement après le prélèvement tandis que le pH, l'activité massique (% 'MA'), la motilité progressive (% 'PM'), l'habitabilité (% LA) et l'anomalie (% ABN) ont été pris à 0, 24, 48 et 72 heures. Les données obtenues ont été soumises à une analyse de variance. Tous les paramètres considérés à l'exception du% ABN étaient significatifs (p <0,05). Le MA variait entre 3,31 (1,00 g MLE) et 4,00 (0 gMLE). La'PM la plus élevée était de 60,93% dans 0,25 gMLE, le pH différait de 6,98 (0 gMLE) et 6,90 (1,00 gMLE), 0 gMLE (89,64%) avait un LA plus élevé par rapport à 0,25 gMLE (86,40%), l''ABN' variait entre 3,94 et 4,60%. À mesure que la durée de stockage augmentait la viabilité de tous les paramètres du sperme, entre 48 et 72 heures, les paramètres étaient réduits en dessous des limites normales. L'effet de la race était différent (p <0,05) pour la MA, le volume et la concentration. Duroc (3,78) avait une MA plus élevée que le Large White (3,64) et le Landrace (3,60). Le volume de sperme (p <0,05) pour Landrace (255,20 g) était le plus élevé, tandis que Duroc (170,80 g) était le plus faible. La grande concentration de blanc (201,8 millions de spermatozoïdes / ml) était plus élevée (p <0,05) que Landrace (187,4 millions de spermatozoïdes / ml) et Duroc (123,8 millions de spermatozoïdes / ml). % LA variait entre 88,06% et 88,72% pour Duroc et landrace respectivement tandis que% ABN était entre 3,97-4,41% pour Large White et Landrace. Cette étude a conclu que 0,75-1,00 gMLE pouvait remplacer l'antibiotique synthétique dans le BTS pendant 24 heures.
An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of an acidifier as an alternative to antibiotics on the performance and gut morphology of broiler chickens. One hundred and eighty (180) 7-day old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments of 4 replicates each. Each replicate had 15 birds. The diets fed to the birds were: Treatment 1- diet with neither antibiotic nor acidifier; Treatment 2- diet with antibiotic and Treatment 3- diet with acidifier. The antibiotic used was Enrofloxacin which was administered to the birds on Treatment 2 via their drinking water while the acidifier used was Biotronic SE (a combination of propionic and formic acids) which was added to the diet of birds on Treatment 3 at the rate of 4kg/tonne of feed. The experiment lasted 42 days. No significant differences were observed in the feed intake, final weight and weight gain of the birds on the different diets. Significant differences were however observed in the villus height in the duodenum and ileum of the birds. The crypt depth values in the different segments of the small intestines of the birds were not significantly affected by the different treatments.Key words: Organic acids, Biotronic SE, Enrofloxacin, Crypt, villus.
High usage of antibiotics has led to an increase in bacteria developing antibiotic resistance. A resistant strain of human pathogenic bacteria has been found in the non-curative usage of antibiotics for animal production. Moringa oleifera and Azardiracta indica are phytobiotics which have been proven to be natural, with no residual effect and are thought to be ideal for animal production. An experiment was conducted to determine the growth performance and gut health of broilers fed Moringa oleifera and neem Azardiracta indica as an alternative to antibiotics. Two hundred and ten day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to seven dietary treatment groups of three replicates each. Each replicate had 10 birds. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The diets were T1- (positive control) diet with antibiotics (oxytetracyline); T2 - diet with 600g moringa leaf meal (MLM)/100kg feed; T3- diet with 600g neem leaf meal (NLM)/100kg feed; T4- diet with 50%(300g) MLM and 50% (300g) NLM/100kg feed; T5- diet with 75%(450g) MLM and 25% (150g) NLM/100kg feed; T6- diet with 25%(150g) MLM and 75% (450g) NLM/100kg feed; T7-(negative control) diet without any additive. Routine management and vaccination procedures were followed while fresh feed and water were supplied ad libitum. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. The feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was determined, also the villus height and the crypth depth was measured. There was no significant difference observed in the weight gain of the birds, also no significant difference was observed in the feed intake. Treatment 3 (diet with 600g neem leaf meal (NLM)/100kg feed) had the lowest feed conversion ratio which was not significantly different from other treatments. Birds on diets supplemented with moringa and neem had an increased villus height and crypth depth, though not significantly different to other diets. The combination of plant extracts at different inclusions improved the villus height and crypth depth of broiler birds. The study showed that moringa and neem had antibiotic effect on growth performance and gut health of broilers. L'utilisation élevée d'antibiotiques a entraîné une augmentation du nombre de bactéries développant une résistance aux antibiotiques. Une souche résistante de bactéries pathogènes humaines a été trouvée dans l'utilisation non curative d'antibiotiques pour la production animale. Moringa oleifera et Azardiracta indica sont des phytobiotiques qui se sont avérés naturels, sans effet résiduel et qui sont considérés comme idéaux pour la production animale. Une expérience a été menée pour déterminer les performances de croissance et la santé intestinale des poulets nourris au Moringa oleifera et au neem Azardiracta indica comme alternative aux antibiotiques. Deux cent dix poussins à griller âgés d'un jour ont été répartis au hasard en sept groupes de traitement alimentaire de trois répétitions chacun. Chaque réplique avait 10 oiseaux. Le plan expérimental était un plan complètement randomisé (PCR). Les régimes étaient un régime T1 (témoin positif) avec des antibiotiques (oxytétracyline); T2 - régime avec 600 g de farine de feuilles de moringa (FFM)/100 kg d'aliment ; T3- régime avec 600 g de farine de feuilles de neem (FFN)/100 kg d'aliment ; T4- régime avec 50 % (300 g) de FFM et 50 % (300 g) de FFN/100 kg d'aliment ; T5- régime avec 75 % (450 g) de FFM et 25 % (150 g) de FFN/100 kg d'aliment ; T6- régime avec 25 % (150 g) de FFM et 75 % (450 g) de FFN/100 kg d'aliment ; Régime T7-(témoin négatif) sans aucun additif. Les procédures de gestion et de vaccination de routine ont été suivies tandis que des aliments frais et de l'eau ont été fournis à volonté. L'expérience a duré huit semaines. La prise alimentaire, le gain de poids et le taux de conversion alimentaire ont été déterminés, ainsi que la hauteur des villosités et la profondeur de la crypte ont été mesurées. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative observée dans le gain de poids des oiseaux, pas plus qu'aucune différence significative n'a été observée dans la prise alimentaire. Le traitement 3 (régime avec 600 g de farine de feuilles de neem (FFN)/100 kg d'aliments) avait le taux de conversion alimentaire le plus bas qui n'était pas significativement différent des autres traitements. Les oiseaux recevant des régimes complétés par du moringa et du neem avaient une hauteur de villosité et une profondeur de crypte accrues, mais pas significativement différentes des autres régimes. La combinaison d'extraits de plantes à différentes inclusions a amélioré la hauteur des villosités et la profondeur de la crypte des poulets à griller. L'étude a montré que le moringa et le neem avaient un effet antibiotique sur les performances de croissance et la santé intestinale des poulets à griller.
Kenaf grain is rich in protein and energy but there is need for further processing for maximum utilization by livestock. Feed processing has been found to improve feed intake, weight gain and nutrient digestibility. A total of forty-eight crosses of Chinchilla and white California weaned rabbits of mixed sexes of mean weight 543.45±3.6g were used for the feeding trial that lasted for 90 days. Kenaf grain was processed by three different methods before incorporation with other feed ingredients. Four diets were formulated in which kenaf grain was not processed which served as Control (P1), Diet 2 (P2), Roasting of KG, Diet 3 (P3), Soaking of KG in water for 24 hours before air-drying, Diet 4 (P4), Cooking of KGM with water for 10 minutes before air-drying. The diets were formulated to contain 16% crude protein and energy of 2600kcal Metabolizable Energy/kg. Data were collected on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and nutrient digestibility among others. The feed intake was significantly higher in P2, P3 and P4 containing roasted soaked and cooked kenaf grain meal as compared to diet containing unprocessed kenaf grain meal (P<0.05). The weight gain of the rabbits improved when KGM was roasted, cooked or soaked before incorporated with other feed ingredients (P<0.05). The efficiency of feed utilization was relatively similar in the diets containing processed kenaf grain meal. The crude protein and crude fibre digestibility were lowered at P1 containing diet with raw KGM (P>0.05). The results of carcass analysis showed that the dressed weight and dressing percentage were better in the diet containing processed KGM. It could be concluded that processing of kenaf grain meal by roasting, soaking and blanching improved feed intake, nutrients digestibility, weight gain and dressing percentage of rabbits.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.