During the existence of the USSR, Mongolia was in the sphere of political and economic interests of Russia. On the one hand, the decrease of economic relations between Russia and Mongolia, and, on the other hand, the geographical proximity of Russia and China have made it necessary to search for new partners and sources of investment in mining, processing industry, energy and transport, service and tourism. The growing interest of foreign countries in Mongolia and presence of their representatives there undoubtedly speaks of the growing political and economic competition in the region. In the face of the current global geopolitical situation, growth of China’s influence in Mongolia’s economy and infrastructure projects being carrying out within the framework of the New Silk Road Concept, the role of border regions and cross-border interaction is growing. One way to increase the presence of other countries is by attracting investment or directly participating in the construction of new infrastructure facilities. The need to find ways of rational territorial organization of economic activities, using the potential of border areas, strengthening the infrastructure cooperation between the two countries determine the urgency of further research. A large amount of accumulated information on this subject of research and developed research methods, singled out comparable indicators of social and economic development of the regions of Russia and Mongolia allow for a qualitative, comprehensive study.

Обоснована необходимость цифровой визуализации территорий проживания монгольского и маньчжурского этносов как единого историко-культурного и социально-экономического пространства. Разработана технологическая структура ГИС, описаны ее подсистемы, представлены примеры хранения данных в ГИС и интерактивной работы пользователя с ГИС посредством запросов.Ключевые слова: монгольские и маньчжурские народы, пространственно-временное развитие, территориальная социально-экономическая система, ГИС, картографирование, запросы.

The article deals with the study of cartographic materials of the 19th-20th centuries, related to the database of regional studies of the Mongolian-Manchurian world at the beginning of the 20th century. The synthesis of natural-science and humanitarian research methods is relevant for solving the set scientific problems. The analysis of foreign sources made it possible to study the main scientific approaches used by foreign authors, expand the scientific horizons and gain access to unique historical and statistical data. The use of geographical maps made it possible to study a significant amount of various information in a concentrated and generalized form, which is an undoubted advantage in the study of a vast territory and a significant time period. The analysis of the data obtained is the basis for a detailed study of historical, political, institutional, socio-economic processes. The interdisciplinary nature of the results obtained can be useful to researchers in various fields of knowledge. The results obtained make it possible to supplement scientific knowledge about this region, which is the basis for the creation of the GIS system “Mongolian-Manchurian species at the beginning of the 20th century”.

Изучение влияния социально-демографических процессов на социально-экономическое развитие является одним из основных направлений исследования. В качестве объекта выбраны регионы Азиатской части России. В статье на основе статистического и картографического анализа выявлены наиболее и наименее благополучные регионы демографического развития, обусловлены факторы и причины их территориальной неоднородности.Ключевые слова: демографическое развитие, картографический анализ, регионы Азиатской части России.The study of the impact of socio-demographic processes on socio-economic development is one of the main areas of research. The regions of the Asian part of Russia were selected as an object. On the basis of statistical and cartographic analysis, the article identifies the most and the least prosperous regions of demographic development, determines the factors and causes of their territorial heterogeneity.

We analysed the balance of environmental, social and economic development of the regions of Asian Russia, assessing the level of adjusted net savings. Using the selected indicators and the assessment of natural, social and production capital values, the typology of territorial production and resource structures of the regions of Asian Russia has been created. Based on the k-means method, using ‘Statistica 12’ software, the clustering and structural zoning by the ratio of natural, productive and human capital in the regions of Asian Russia was carried out.