The results of the analysis of available variety assortment and grain yields of different varieties of oats in the environmental crop variety testing, depending on the changing hydrothermal conditions are presented. Marked the varieties, which characterized by stable realization of genetic potential of grain yield in a wide range of variation the average air temperatures and conditions of water provision.Weather conditions during the investigation were different, which made it possible to fully assess its impact on grain productivity potential of spring small cereals. The productivity of oats was determined by the peculiarities of the variety, as well as the effectiveness of the complex action of air temperatures and humidity conditions. In Ukraine there is observing an annual steady increase in the number of registered varieties of oats for 12,9 %. In general, over the past 15 years, the number of oat varieties in Register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine has more than doubled. Among the studied varieties of oats, the optimum growth, development and combination of elements of the crop yield structure, which ensure the formation of the highest level of grain productivity (3,10-3,27 t/ha), were noted in the varieties of chaffy forms: Busol, Iren, Spurt and Sterno, as well as hull-less: Skarb Ukrainy (2,74 t/ha) and Samuel' (2,53 t/ha).

In connection with the development of organic vegetable growing in Ukraine, the topical issue of courgette breeding is the creation of varieties and hybrids of F1 with maximum adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of cultivation. The purpose of research is to identify genetic sources for the breeding of courgette with a stable manifestation of biochemical characteristics of the fruit. Breeding work was carried out with 20 lines of courgette of different geographical origin. Evaluation of linear genotypes was performed on the following indicators – general (GACi) and specific adaptive capacity (SACi), relative stability (Sgi), coefficient of ecological plasticity (bi) and selection value (BVGi). Courgette lines with a high content of dry matter, total sugar and vitamin C in fruits in the phase of technical ripeness have been created. Among them, 2 highly adaptive lines, which simultaneously exceeded the standard variety Chaklun in terms of dry matter content (4.46… 4.71%) and total sugar (2.77… 2.84%). Highly adaptive lines, better than the standard grade for the manifestation of one feature - the dry matter content – 1 line (4.58%), total sugar – 3 lines (2.72… 2.77%), vitamin C – 2 lines 14.93… 15.55 mg / 100 g). Low dependence on growing conditions at the same time on the manifestation of 2 traits (dry matter content and vitamin C in the fruit) was demonstrated by 3 lines (-1 Less than bi Greater than 1). The obtained lines are a valuable source material for the creation of varieties and hybrids of courgette F1, suitable for organic cultivation technologies with high quality fruits in the phase of technical maturity.

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Мета. Дослідження впливу вологості ложа в процесі пророщування насіння проса лозовидного (Panicum virgatum L.) на інтенсивність його проростання. Методи. Лабораторний, аналітичний та статистичний. Результати. Доведено, що ступінь зволоження ложе для пророщування насіння впливає на інтенсивність його проростання. Найінтенсивніше воно проростало за вологості ложе від 20 до 30 мл води на одну кювету. На 11-й добу після сівби за вологості 20-25 мл/кювету води отримано 15-16 сходів, а за вологості 30 мл/кювету води-17 сходів або відповідно 88-89 % та 89 % від загальної кількості пророслого насіння. Збільшення кількості води до 35 мл та зменшення до 15 мл на кювету кількість насіння, що проросло зменшилася. Аналогічні результати отримано й щодо інтенсивності проростання насіння проса лозовидного в інші доби обліку. Фактично на 20-у добу після сівби було отримано сходи з усього насіння, яке здатне проростати. З'ясовано, що як недостатнє, так і надмірне зволоження ложа за пророщування насіння проса лозовидного впливало на інтенсивність його проростання, але не було вирішальним для значного зниження стану спокою насіння та збільшення кількості проростків. Висновки. Ступінь зволоження ложе для пророщування насіння впливає на інтенсивність його проростання. Найінтенсивніше воно проростало за вологості ложа від 20 до 30 мл води на одну кювету.

The purpose. To probe effect of different doses of ammonium nitrate and carbamide on productivity and quality of grain of winter wheat depending on the predecessor, background of feed and weather environment during growing. Methods. General scientific: field experiments, laboratory (physicochemical parameters of quality of grain), calculation-relative and statistical. Results. On typical average humus chernozem of Left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine root nitrogen supplementary feeding in tillering stage in dose of N40 depending on the background of a feed after bare fallow promoted increase of yield in alternatives with importation of ammonium nitrate on 0,75 -0,81 t/hectare, carbamide -on 0,71 -0,92, and after pease for grain -accordingly on 0,71 -0,72 and 0,69 -0,80 t/hectare. At equal doses of supplementary feeding they did not fix essential variance in productivity and quality of grain between forms of nitrogen, and heightening rates of application from N40 up to N60 was economically ineffective. The most tall pay-back of 1 kg of nitrogen with grain was ensured by application of dose N20 after bare fallow on not fertilized background -29,5 -35,5 kg. In good weather environment root supplementary feeding in doses of N40 and N60 promoted deriving grain of 2nd and 3rd classes after bare fallow, and 3rd and 5th -after pease. Conclusions. Joint effect of base fertilizer (N30P30K30 on the background of aftereffect of dung) and root nitrogen supplementary feeding in tillering stage with ammonium nitrate or carbamide in dose of N40 is an efficient method of increase of yield and quality of grain of winter wheat. Optimization of importation of both kinds of nitrogen fertilizers by root method after bare fallow and pease equally raised their efficiency and pay-back by grain, especially in conditions of dry autumn.