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The paper discusses an approach to reconstructing the salinity fields of the Sea of the Azov based on obtaining generalized regression equations relating in situ archival data in 1913–2012. With regional biooptical parameters obtained from MODIS second level standard products. The possibility of prompt recovery of salinity fields in the surface layer of the sea and the use of the results of the proposed method in the construction of spatial maps of the Azov Sea salinity, synchronized in time with satellite images is show. The reliability of the obtained results is confirmed by a good agreement between the average values of the restored salinity and the long-term average salinity trends of the Sea of the Azov according to in situ data in the modern periods of 1986–2018 and 2000–2018.