Low level: The amount of arsenic in Bangladeshi well water and in bottled drinking water and Mississippi tap water are indicated by a dynamic light scattering (DLS) assay. Label‐free gold nanoparticles are used in a selective colorimetric assay (see picture) and in a highly sensitive DLS assay for the recognition of arsenic in concentrations as low as 3 ppt.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women today. The key to the effective and ultimately successful treatment of diseases such as cancer is an early and accurate diagnosis. Driven by the need, in this article, we report for the first time a simple colorimetric and highly sensitive two-photon scattering assay for highly selective and sensitive detection of breast cancer SK-BR-3 cell lines in 100-cells/ml level using multifunctional (monoclonal anti-HER2/c-erb-2 antibody and S6 RNA aptamers conjugated) oval shape gold nanoparticle based nanoconjugate. When multifunctional oval shape gold nanoparticles were mixed with breast cancer SK-BR-3 cell line, a distinct color change occurs and two-photon scattering intensity increases by about 13 times. Experimental data with HaCaT non-cancerous cell line, as well as with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line clearly demonstrated that our assay was highly sensitive to SK-BR-3 and it was able to distinguish from other breast cancer cell line which expresses low levels of HER-2. The mechanism of selectivity and assay's response change, have been discussed. Our experimental results reported here open up a new possibility of rapid, easy and reliable diagnosis of cancer cell lines by monitoring the colorimetric change and measuring TPS intensity from multifunctional gold nanosystems.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive mental disorder disease, which affects 26.6 million people in worldwide and estimated increments can be 100 millions by 2050. Since there is no cure at present, early diagnosis of AD is crucial for the current drugs treatments. Driven by the need, here we demonstrate for the first time that monoclonal ani-tau antibody coated gold nanoparticle based two-photon scattering assay can be used for the detection of Alzheimer’s tau protein in 1 pg/mL level which is about two orders of magnitude lower than cut-off values (195 pg/mL) for tau protein in CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). We have shown that when ani-tau antibody coated gold nanoparticle were mixed with 20 ng/ml of tau protein, two-photon Rayleigh scattering intensity (TPRS) increases by about 16 times. The mechanism of TPRS intensity change has been discussed. Our data demonstrated that our TPRS assay is highly sensitive to Tau protein and it can distinguish from BSA, which is one of the most abundant protein components in CSF. Our results demonstrate the potential for a broad application of this type of nano-bionanotechnology in practical biomedical applications.

Ganz wenig genügt: Der Gehalt von Arsen in Brunnenwasser in Bangladesh sowie in käuflichem Trinkwasser und in Leitungswasser im US‐Staat Mississippi kann mithilfe eines Assays auf der Basis dynamischer Lichtstreuung (DLS) angezeigt werden. Die hochempfindliche und selektive colorimetrische Analyse (siehe Bild) weist Arsen in Konzentrationen von nur 3 ppt nach.

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