Non-cooperative subject behavior leading to fatal shooting by law enforcement officers is discussed from the perspective of self-organizing systems. To this end, noncooperative subject behavior is understood in terms of attentional blindness and functional fixedness as predicted by a mathematical model for self-organized human behavior proposed earlier by Frank (Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences, 2015, 19, 111-146). Importantly, the same kind of model is applied to understand fatal shootings of noncooperative subjects by law enforcement officers. It is argued and demonstrated by simulation studies that when the mechanism of fixedness acts both on subjects and law enforcement officers, tragic incidences of fatal shootings are likely to occur.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.