This article presents a global shutter (GS) high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and a high-frame-rate CMOS image sensor (CIS) for in situ fluid concentration distribution measurements using absorption imaging. The pixel consists of a ultraviolet (UV)-visible-near infrared (NIR) waveband pinned photodiode (PD) with high robustness against UV light irradiation for various measurement objects, two-stage lateral overflow integration capacitors (LOFIC) for high dynamic range and high SNR, and a voltage-domain memory bank for GS. The developed prototype CIS with 22.4-μm pitch pixels exhibited 69.7-dB maximum SNR, 123-dB dynamic range, and 1000-frames/s maximum frame rate under single exposure GS and successfully captured images of dynamic movement of NO 2 gas concentration distribution in the vacuum chamber for 300-mm-diameter wafers. Index Terms-Absorption imaging, CMOS image sensor (CIS), global shutter (GS), lateral overflow integration capacitor (LOFIC), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), wide dynamic range (WDR). I. INTRODUCTIONP RACTICAL realization of smart ways of manufacturing, agriculture, and healthcare is critical to improve the productivity and sustainability of our society. In these Manuscript

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The UV light densitometer was developed to measure concentration of gases having absorption in the ultraviolet region using UV absorption method. The developed densitometer was applied to monitor temporal variation of concentration of ALD precursor TEMAZ introduced into a chamber, where TEMAZ was introduced alternately with purge Ar gas to simulate ALD process. We could successfully capture temporal variation of gas concentration such as time delay in arrival of gas in the chamber due to presence of gas flow. Such phenomenon cannot be measured by the pressure gauge.

: We studied whether or not replacing conventional antipsychotic medications with newer atypical antipsychotics has a favorable effect on cognitive function in schizophrenia. Twenty patients with schizophrenia who had been treated with conventional antipsychotics were switched randomly to either of two atypical antipsychotic agents, risperidone or perospirone. Clinical and neuropsychological evaluations were performed before and approximately four weeks after completing medication change. Patients required a lower dose of antiparkinsonian drugs and presented fewer parkinsonian symptoms while taking atypical antipsychotics compared with conventional antipsychotics. In addition, patients taking perospirone required smaller antiparkinsonian drug dose than those taking risperidone, suggesting that perospirone caused fewer extrapyramidal adverse effects. Perospirone roughly paralleled risperidone in diminishing psychotic symptoms but these were fewer and the subjectively assessed quality of life was better in patients treated with risperidone. Improvement in neuropsychological test results upon switching to atypical agents was remarkable for verbal memory and various measures of frontal/executive functions. The effect of risperidone and perospirone on frontal/executive functions appeared equivalent while changing to risperidone rather than perospirone achieved greater improvement in verbal memory. Differences in verbal memory favoring risperidone may reflect a favorable balance between D2 dopamine and 5HT2A serotonin receptor blockade. Further study is needed concerning how this cognitive improvement might be related to improved social functioning.