The diastereoselective tandem Michael-intramolecular Wittig reactions of a five-membered cyclic phosphonium ylide 2 using 8-phenylmenthyl enoates were examined. The reaction of the phosphonium ylide with 8-phenylmenthyl cinnamate followed by the hydrolysis of the resulting enol ether 4a afforded (3R,4S)-4-(diphenylphosphinyl)-3-phenylcycloheptanone (3R,4S)-5a as the major isomer. The diastereoselectivity of the initial tandem reactions was estimated to be 94:6 from the 31P NMR of a mixture of the diastereomeric ketal derivatives 6a and 6'a which were obtained by the reaction of 5a with (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol, and the absolute configuration of the major isomer was determined by the single-crystal X-ray analysis. Similar reactions using some 8-phenylmenthyl alkenoates were attempted. As a result, it was clarified that the corresponding trans-ketones 5b-d were obtained and that the diastereomer ratios of their ketal derivatives were 60:40-73:27.

Coated papers are required to have excellent sheet and print gloss. Surface roughness of coated paper is well known to correlate with these properties. However it is not clarified about the detailed concern between surface profile and these properties.So. we measured ultra fine surface profiles of coated papers with using Scanning White-Light Interferometer (ZYGO New View system) whose principle was based on the measurement of interference fringe variations, which was a technique for profilometry constructing an ultra fine three-dimensional profile accurately and rapidly without contacting the surface.In this study, we considered the influence of ultra fine surface profiles to sheet and print gloss of coated papers, and clarified about the concern between them with using this technique. Then we turned out the correlation between surface profile and gloss with the parameter that was a detail surface roughness.As a result, it was found that to consider surface profile of coated paper as a cluster of waves that had various frequencies, and to process complex surface profile in term of spatial frequencies and parameters was very useful. Especially, it was found that the ultra fine surface profile of specific waves with the spatial frequencies more than 30/mm or 40/mm had affected sheet gloss of coated paper greatly. Moreover, it was also found that print gloss was influenced by the waves with a larger range of spatial frequencies than the specific waves that influenced to the sheet gloss.

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