Use of the ERAS protocol for the perioperative management of open AAA surgery shortened the time before recommencing oral consumption, the postoperative hospital stay, and reduced the medical costs compared to the conventional approach.

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BackgroundTo examine the effects of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) on quality of life (QOL) in patients with dementia.MethodsWe retrospectively included 53 Japanese community and tertiary hospitals to investigate the relationship between the newly developed PEG and consecutive dementia patients with swallowing difficulty between Jan 1st 2006 and Dec 31st 2008. We set improvements in 1) the level of independent living, 2) pneumonia, 3) peroral intake as outcome measures of QOL and explored the factors associated with these improvements.ResultsTill October 31st 2010, 1,353 patients with Alzheimer’s dementia (33.1%), vascular dementia (61.7%), dementia with Lewy body disease (2.0%), Pick disease (0.6%) and others were followed-up for a median of 847 days (mean 805 ± 542 days). A total of 509 deaths were observed (mortality 59%) in full-followed patients. After multivariate adjustments, improvement in the level of independent living was observed in milder dementia, or those who can live independently with someone, compared with advanced dementia, characterized by those who need care by someone: Odds Ratio (OR), 3.90, 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 1.59 - 9.39, P = 0.003. Similarly, improvement of peroral intake was noticed in milder dementia: OR, 2.69, 95%CI, 1.17 - 6.17, P = 0.02. Such significant associations were not observed in improvement of pneumonia.ConclusionsThese results suggest that improvement of QOL after PEG insertion may be expected more in milder dementia than in advanced dementia.

A 69‐year‐old woman visited our hospital complaining of right chest pain. Chest computed tomography showed a 55 × 45 mm tumor in the right upper lobe. Bronchoscopy revealed displaced anomalous B 1 and B 2 +3 arising from the right main bronchus, and the patient was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma by transbronchial lung biopsy from the displaced B 2 +3. Three‐dimensional computed tomography with multiplanar reconstruction revealed a displaced anomalous B 1 and B 2 +3 branching directly from the right main bronchus, respectively, and abnormal distribution of the aberrant pulmonary vein (V 2) descended dorsally to the right main bronchus and emptied into the left atrium. Video‐assisted right upper lobectomy with nodal dissection was successfully performed. Attention should be paid to the anomalous bronchus and pulmonary vessels for safer lung cancer operations, especially for video‐assisted thoracic surgery.

A discriminant analysis is thus considered to be a useful statistical method for analyzing the protein expression profiles obtained by combined TMA and immunohistochemical techniques using archival NSCLC tissues. However, the sample size and selection of the marker protein depending on the histology greatly influence the results of a NSCLC study.