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Acryloyl‐type polymer fixing 1‐β‐carbonylethyl‐5‐fluorouracil residues through D‐glucofuranoses via ester bonds was synthesized by means of polymerization of the corresponding monomer and polymer reaction. In order to provide the water‐soluble objective polymer, the copolymerization of the acryloyl‐type monomer with acrylamide was carried out. The extent of release of 5‐FU residues from the copolymer was investigated in the enzyme or nonenzyme system in vitro. Furthermore, the antitumor activities of the water‐insoluble homopolymer and water‐soluble copolymer obtained were tested in vivo.