We discuss a possible link between the deformation parameter μν arising in the framework of noncommutative geometry and the parameter β of the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). We compute the shift of the Hawking temperature induced by the μν -deformed Schwarzschild geometry, and then we relate it to one obtained by GUP. Results suggest a granular structure of specetime at the Planck scales. The current bounds on β allow to constraint the noncommutative parameter μν .

The cosmological implication of a double inflation model with hybrid + new inflations in supergravity is studied. The hybrid inflation drives an inflaton for new inflation close to the origin through supergravity effects and new inflation naturally occurs. If the total e-fold number of new inflation is smaller than ∼ 60, both inflations produce cosmologically relevant density fluctuations. Both cluster abundances and galaxy distributions provide strong constraints on the parameters in the double inflation model assuming Ω 0 = 1 standard cold dark matter scenario. The future satellite experiments to measure the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background will make a precise determination of the model parameters possible.

Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) is a key element for patient‐centered care in emergency medicine. In this manuscript, we review the available evidence for PSA in the emergency department, including guidelines for evaluation, monitoring, pharmacology, adverse events, and special populations such as pediatric and elderly patients.

We study a double inflation model (a hybrid inflation + a new inflation) in supergravity and discuss the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) with mass \sim 10^{-20}-10^{5}M_{\odot}. We find that in a wide range of parameter space, we obtain PBHs which amount to \Omega \simeq 1, i.e., PBH dark matter. Also, we find a set of inflation parameters which produces PBHs evaporating now. Those PBHs may be responsible for antiproton fluxes observed by the BESS experiment.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures (RevTeX file

The M-theory, the strong-coupling heterotic string theory, presents various interesting new phenomenologies. The M-theory bulk axion is one of these. The decay constant in this context is estimated as Fa ~ 10 16 GeV. Direct searches for the M-theory axion seem impossible because of the large decay constant. However, we point out that large isocurvature fluctuations of the M-theory axion are obtained in a hybrid inflation model, which will most likely be detectable in future satellite experiments on anisotropies of cosmic microwave background radiation.