The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between work environment and moral sensitivity among Japanese (n = 138) and Norwegian nurses (n = 71), and to compare the results from a sociocultural perspective using a descriptive-correlational design. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results point to a significant relationship between work environment and moral sensitivity for both groups of nurses. In comparison, the Japanese nurses were more focused on 'patient centered oriented care', reported 'work engagement', seeking 'meaning in difficult caring situations' and 'following rules'. In addition, they ranked the factor 'values in action of patient care' as significant and 'relation to superior and colleagues' and 'job stress and anxiety' ranked significant to 'moral conflicts'. The Norwegian nurses were more independent, which was correlated with moderate significance with 'job stress and anxiety'. A significant correlation was found between 'physical and mental symptoms' and 'moral conflicts' among Norwegian nurses.