PEMEX, Mexico’s state oil company, was fiercely defended against privatization proposals throughout most of Mexico’s neoliberalization process, even as hundreds of state-owned enterprises were privatized, for two major reasons. First, the state increasingly came to depend on oil income to guarantee its fiscal needs, and this allowed it to postpone a tax reform, to the benefit of economic elites. Second, the meaning of oil in Mexican political culture partially shielded the energy sector from privatization attempts. Paying attention to the state’s fiscal interests, resource nationalism, domestic elite interests, and the meaning with which economic sectors are imbued adds explanatory leverage to our understanding of neoliberalism’s variegated implementation. Aun cuando cientos de empresas estatales fueron privatizadas, PEMEX, la compañía petrolera estatal de México, contó con una feroz defensa frente a las propuestas de privatización durante la mayor parte del proceso de neoliberalización mexicano. Esto obedeció a dos razones principales. La primera es que el Estado llegó a depender cada vez más de los ingresos petroleros para garantizar sus necesidades fiscales, asunto que le permitió posponer una reforma fiscal en beneficio de las élites económicas. La segunda es que el significado del petróleo en la cultura política mexicana protegió parcialmente al sector energético de los intentos de privatización. Si prestamos atención a los intereses fiscales del Estado, el discurso nacionalista en torno a los recursos, los intereses de las élites nacionales y el significado con el que están imbuidos los sectores económicos tendremos un entendimiento más completo de la variada implementación del neoliberalismo.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.