Background: Cyclophosphamide is anticancer chemotherapeutic drug and immunosuppressive agent for organ transplantation. Wide range of adverse effects including reproductive toxicity demonstrated following its administration. Aim of the study: Evaluation the impact of royal jelly and L-Carnitine on improving the histological and Immunohistochemical changes of experimentally Cyclophosphamide-induced testicular cytotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods: forty adult male albino rats divided into two groups, the control group1 (ten rats) and treated group 2 (thirty rats) subdivided into three equal subgroups (a, b and c). Subgroup (a): Ten rats treated with cyclophosphamide. Subgroup (b): Ten rats given royal jelly with cyclophosphamide. Subgroup (c): Ten rats given L-Carnitine and cyclophosphamide. The testes excised and prepared for light microscopic examination and stained with H&E and Masson's trichrome stains and immunohistochemically for detecting bcl-2 proteins. Results: Seminiferous tubules distorted and shrunken with marked reduction in the thickness of the germinal epithelium that appeared detached from irregular thick basement membrane and wide empty lumen devoid of spermatozoa, increased amount of interstitial tissue, contain congested blood vessels and covered by thick tunica albuginea. Royal jelly and L-Carnitine had a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity and showed a notable effect. Conclusion: Cyclophosphamide produced marked changes in the histological structure of the. Royal jelly and L-Carnitine have a potent protective effect against the toxicity.
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