Antimicrobial drugs are substances able to prevent the proliferation or death of infectious agents, combating and preventing the dissemination of an infection. The abusive or inappropriate use of these drugs leads to the development of strains of multi-resistant microrganisms. The aim of this study was to describe the antimicrobial drug consumption in a drugstore at Tanabi, São Paulo, Brazil. This is a retrospective, descriptive, exploratory study with a quantitative approach. There were analyzed 128 prescriptions containing antimicrobial drugs dispensed in 2016. 64% of the prescriptions were destined to the female gender. The average age was 46 ± 25 years. The most prescribed antimicrobials were cephalexin (23%), amoxicillin associated with clavulanate (22%), ciprofloxacin (17%) and azithromycin (15%). Consequently, the most commonly used pharmacological groups were beta-lactams (55%), fluoroquinolones (30%) and macrolides (15%), respectively. The most frequent prescribers were general phisicians (42%), dentist (12%), cardiologist (9%) and urologist (7%). Most of the prescriptions came from the private health system (54%). The prescribers used the trade name in 55% of the prescribed antimicrobials, of which 33% were destined to the public health system. This research contributes to evaluation of the use of antimicrobial drugs in population. The effective action of the Pharmacist in the control the use of antibacterials in accordance with current legislation is important to provide the population with adequate guidelines on the rational use of these agents.