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BACKGROUND: Emergency services manage trauma patients frequently and falls from height comprise the main cause of emergency service admissions. In this study, we aimed to analyse the demographic characteristics of falls from height and their relationship to the mortality. METHODS:A total of 460 patients, who admitted to the Emergency Department of Inonu University between November 2011 and November 2014 with a history of fall from height, were examined retrospectively. Demographic parameters, fall characteristics and their effect to mortality were evaluated statistically. RESULTS:The study comprised of 292 (63.5%) men and 168 (36.5%) women patients. The mean age of all patients was 27±24.99 years. Twenty-six (5.6%) patients died and the majority of them were in ≥62 years old group. The highest percentage of falls was at 0-5 years age group (28.3%). People fell mainly from 1.1-4 metres(m) level (46.1%). The causes of falls were ordered as unintentional (92.2%), workplace (8.1%) and suicidal (1.7%). Skin and soft tissue injuries (37.4%) were the main traumatic lesions.CONCLUSION: Age, fall height, fall place, lineer skull fracture, subarachnoidal hemorrhage, cervical fracture, thoracic vertebra fracture and trauma scores had statistically significant effect on mortality. The casualties died because of subarachnoid hemorrhage mostly.

Sudden death is defined as a death that occurs suddenly, develops during an unpredictable course, and is due to natural or unnatural causes. Although there is no universally standardized definition on how "sudden" a sudden death is, WHO defines sudden death as a death that occurs within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. The aim of this study is to present 2 rarely reported autopsy cases and to emphasize the importance of systemic autopsy at sudden death. On macroscopic examination, crescent-shaped, thick, fibrous membranes, located 5 mm and 3 mm away from the aortic valves, were detected. Fibrous membranes extended from the ventricular septum to the left ventricular outflow tract, thus apparently narrowing this region. Left ventricular wall and septum were slightly thickened, and there were scattered grayish-white areas of a small diameter. These became more intense in the septum and myocardium of the left ventricle on the anterior plane of the myocardial sections. In both cases, the aortic valves of were thickened and also markedly narrowed on one of them. In this case, the fibrous membrane adhered to the aortic valve and extended to the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve at one side. Both aortic valves comprised 3 leaflets. Other valves and coronary arteries showed no macroscopic pathologic findings. Microscopic examination of both cases demonstrated that the fibrous membrane comprising abundant collagen fibers was situated on the ventricular septum. Hypertrophy, moderate to severe interstitial fibrosis, and focal areas of scarring were observed in the specimens taken from the septal and ventricular myocardium. No abnormality was found on the conduction system examinations. Toxicologic analysis results in blood were negative. Based on the findings, membranous-type (discrete type) subvalvular aortic stenosis, diagnosed during the autopsy, was considered as the cause of sudden death in both cases.

Nowadays, image processing applications are frequently preferred in such fields as industrial automation, security, health, and traffic control in parallel with the developments in technology. The most important criterion for the applications used in these fields is to ensure the system to run at high speed and real time. Thus, FPGAs are commonly used in such applications. In this study, some of the basic real time images processing algorithms are implemented in a FPGA-based development kit. The ZedBoard Znyq-7000 development kit produced by Xilinx Company was used in the study. As a result of grayscale conversion and convolution operations, such applications as edge detection, sharpening and blurring were realized on the images taken by video source. The processed images were viewed by the use of a monitor connected to HDMI output of the development kit. Verilog HDL was used for these operations.

As aim of this study, the knowledge of whether vinpocetine (VINPO) is cardioprotective or not following isoprotenol (ISO)-induced cardiac ischemia in rats. In myocard infarction, the one of the responsible mechanisms of injury is oxidative damage and inflammmation. The effect of VINPO which is the potent antioxidant and anti inflammatory agent aimed to reveal as the biochemical, electrophysiological, and histopathologic parameters. In this study, thirty-two Wistar-Albino male rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of eight rats. The group 1 named as sham, no any drug used in this group. Group 2 named as iso group, only ISO was adminestered, the group 3 named as VINPO and iso group, here initially vinpocetine then ISO were used, and the group 4 named as iso and VINPO, here initially ISO then VINPO were used. For the rats in group 2, in first and second day ISO adminestered at a dose of 120mg/kg using an intraperitoneal injection. At third and fourth day no any drug used. And at fifth day the experiment terminated. For the rats in group 3, at the first and second day VINPO adminestered at adose of 20 mg/kg using an intraperitoneal (ip) injection, after 30 minute isoprotenol administered at adose of 120 mg/kg using an ip injection. At third and fourth day no any drug was used. And at fifth day experiment was terminated. Lastly for the rats in group4, first and second day ISO administered at a dose of 120 mg/kg using an ip injection, at third and fourth day VINPO adminestered at a dose of 20 mg/kg using an ip injection, and at fifth day experiment terminated. Prior to termination of experiment the pulse rate and ECG changes were recorded. After completion of experiment protocols blood samples and cardiac tissue samples were recieved. For the knowledge of effects of VINPO experimental miyocardial ischemia induced in rats, and the serum myoglobulin, total creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanin aminotransferase (ALT), measured. In myocardial tissue as an antioxidative system and an oxidative stres markers; malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathine (GSH), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stres index (OSI) were studied. As a result, VINPO showed positive impact on cardiac functions in the light of electrocardiographic, biochemical and histopathological. According to our results, it is possible to say that it exerts these beneficial effetc via its powerfull antioxidant, antiinflammatory and free radical scavenger effects.