There appears to be a strong correlation between plasma zinc levels and various prostatic diseases. Therefore, the determination of zinc levels can be used as a diagnostic or screening tool and may lead to the formulation of methods in which zinc is used to evaluate prostatic pathology.

Objective:Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) with calculus is well recognized but with very few reports on its treatment. Our aim is to elucidate our experience in its successful management.Materials and Methods:Over four years, we diagnosed seven cases (eight renal units) of EPN, out of which two patients (three renal units) had EPN with urinary calculi. After the initial conservative management of EPN, the stones were tackled appropriately.Results:EPN was initially managed effectively with antibiotics and supportive care. Once the patient was stable, the stones were cleared in a step-wise fashion. The associated postoperative complications were also tackled efficiently with preservation of renal function.Conclusion:In EPN with stones, nephrectomy is not the sole option available and they can be effectively managed with open / endoscopic measures.

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Adrenal oncocytoma is a rare entity, with 20 cases reported in literature. A functional oncocytoma is extremely rare. We present a case of adrenal oncocytoma in a hypertensive male who had elevated catecholamine levels, which improved after adrenalectomy with decrease in daily antihypertensive requirement.

Our study depicts the usefulness of AgNOR counts in the diagnosis of various prostatic diseases including the pre malignant PIN. The relation between serum PSA and AgNOR was highly significant for BPH and Ca prostate. Hence, AgNOR is an efficient adjunct to our diagnostic armamentarium leading to improved prognostication and management.