Amitraz is an insecticide/acaricide of formamidine pesticides used worldwide for ectoparasites in animals. Because of its widespread use, amitraz poisoning is frequently encountered in Turkey. Case report: A 36-year-old, comatose female was admitted to the hospital. Although it was stated that she had taken a glass of water containing amitraz, the exact volume of the substance was unknown. On admission, her Glasgow Coma Scale score was 10/15. Clinical findings were vomiting, miosis, bradycardia and hypotension. The patient's vital signs were body temperature 37.28C, pulse 54 bpm, blood pressure 80/50 mmHg and pulse-oximetry 84%. Supportive treatment consisting of oxygen, fluid replacement and gastric lavage, activated charcoal and atropine was administered. On the second day, signs of Ogilvie's syndrome characterized by severe tenderness, distension and pain in the abdomen were seen. On the third day, the patient's condition improved except for abdominal distension and pain, inability to pass faeces or flatus through the anus. Although continuous nasogastric tube decompression was performed, her complaints were not resolved completely. Neostigmine was administered on the fourth day. On the fifth day, abdominal pain and distension were decreased, and stool passage began. She had a complete clinical and laboratory improvement, which warranted her discharge on the seventh day of admission.

Background: Headache is the most common symptom in carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. While the mechanism of CO-induced headache is not well defined, it is felt that cerebral vasodilation plays a role. Clinical experience has demonstrated oxygen breathing is effective in resolving CO headache. However, the effectiveness of normobaric oxygen has never been compared to hyperbaric oxygen in this regard. Methods: A 2016 paper by Ocak, et al. reported the response of CO headache pain severity to four hours of normobaric oxygen breathing in 82 patients using a 0-10 analog scale. The demographics, carboxyhemoglobin levels and response to therapy from that report were compared to data obtained by Hampson, et al. in an earlier study, but never published, using the same pain assessment method in 73 patients with CO headache and treated with hyperbaric oxygen. Results: Comparing the normobaric and hyperbaric groups, neither average age nor presenting carboxy-hemoglobin levels were significantly different. Baseline pain intensity scores were 6.5 ± 3.1 vs. 6.2 ± 2.6 (p=0.444) and post-treatment scores 1.5 ± 2.6 vs. 1.0 ± 1.5 (p=0.184) respectively on a 0-10 scale. Conclusions: In these two well-matched populations of patients with CO-induced headache pain, degree of resolution was not significantly different between normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen treatment.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a life-threatening complication of diabetes, and its mortality increasing with age is about 5 %. Infectious diseases are the most prevalent causes of diabetic ketoacidosis. Indeed, infections related to bee sting are unusual. However, even if it's not frequent, cases with infection have been reported. In this report, we aimed to present a diabetic ketoacidosis case associated with bee sting in a patient with diabetes mellitus.

ÖZETAmaç: Kritik hastaların bakım ve tedavisi sırasında enteral beslenme, enerji ihtiyacının karşılanması, vücut direncinin korunması, gastrointestinal sistem (GİS) florasının korunması ve translokasyonların önlenmesi açısından çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız; hastanemizde PEG takılması planlanan hastaların PEG takılma endikasyonlarını, işlem sonrası komplikasyonlarını ve takipleri ile ilgili verileri sunmaktır.Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Genel Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı endoskopi ünitesinde Ocak 2010-Aralık 2012 tarihleri arasında PEG takılması endikasyonu koyduğumuz 81 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Başarıyla PEG uygulanan hastaların 42'si (%56) erkek, 33'ü (%44) kadın idi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 62+/-22.47idi. PEG uygulaması yapılan hastaların primer hastalıkları 45 (%60) hastada SVO, 4 (%5,3) hastada larinks ca, 2 (%2,6) hasta özofagus ca, 9 (%12) hasta epilepsi sonrası hipoksik iskemik ensefalopati, 3 (%4) hasta travma sonrası ensefalopati, 10 (%13,3) hasta solunum yetmezliği, 1 (%1,3) hasta nörobehçet, 1 (%1,3) hasta lenfosarkom tanılarına sahipti. Ortalama takip süresi 263+/-254,4 gün idi. Dört (%5,3) hastamız PEG işleminden sonraki ilk 1 ay içinde, 8 (%10,6) hastamız PEG işleminden sonraki 3 ay içinde primer hastalığı nedeniyle kaybedildi. Hastalarımızın hiçbirisinde primer olarak PEG işlemine bağlı ölüm görülmedi.Sonuç: Doğru endikasyon konulmuş olan hastalarda PEG uygulaması genel anestezi gerektirmemesi, yatak başında ya da endoskopi odasında uygulanabilir olması, kısa sürede uygulanması, mortalite oranın düşük olması, majör ve minör komplikasyonlar açısından daha avantajlı olması nedeniyle güvenli ve etkin bir şekilde kullanılabilir. (JAREM 2013; 3: 66-8) Anahtar Sözcükler: Perkütan endoskpik gastrostomi, endikasyonlar, enteral beslenme ABSTRACT Objective: Enteral nutrition is essential for critically ill patients for energy intake, body resistance, protection of gastrointestinal flora and prevention of translocation. We aimed in this study to present indications and complications of PEG and the follow up data of the patients in our hospital. Methods:We retrospectively evaluated the data of 81 patients that planned to perform PEG in endoscopy unit of General surgery clinic of Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital between 2010 January and December 2012.Results: Forty-two (56%) of 75 patients were male and 33 (44%) were female. Mean age was 62+/-22.47 years. Primary diseases of the patients were cerebrovascular diseases in 45 (60%), laryngeal carcinoma in 4 (5.3%), eosophageal carcinoma in 2 (%2.6) hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in 9 (12%), posttraumatic encephalopathy in 3 (4%), respiratory failure in 10 (13.3%), neurobehcet in 1 (1.3%), and lymphosarcoma in 1 (1.3%) patients. Mean follow up period was 263+/-254.4 days. Four (5.3%) patients died within 1 month, and 8 (10.6%) patients died within 3 months after PEG operation. None of the patients died associated with PEG and complications.Conclusion: PEG is a safe and effective in...

Smoking is known to affect many tissues and systems, mainly the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system (Khanna et al., 2009). Smoke has also recently been reported to have negative effects on renal functions (Özbek, 2012). Epidemiological studies have revealed that smoking is a risk factor for development of nephropathy through different mechanisms. Free oxygen radicals (FOR)-induced nephrotoxicity is one of these mechanisms. Zinc (Zn) is one of the most important antioxidant agents in the fight against FOR-induced injury (Orth, 2002;Pedregosa et al., 2011;Ryua et al., 2011). The positive effects of zinc have been shown in many experimental models in which oxidative stress plays a role, such as ischemia, ulcer and drug toxicity (Murra et al., 2012). The unknown effect of smoke on the renal tissue and methods to prevent effects of the harmful are a novel research area.The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of zincsupplemented diet on the cigarette smoke-induced changes in toll-like receptor (TLR), nuclear factor-kappa B (NFKB) and interleukin (IL) gene expression in renal tissue of rats.