Introduction: The fissures in lung enhance uniform expansion. These fissures may be complete, incomplete or absent. A detailed knowledge of variation of classical and accessory fissures is neccessary for cardiothoracic surgeons and radiologist. Aims of study: There were few studies done on gross anatomical specimens so the cadaveric study was done to know every morphological details and variation in fissures, lobes & hilar structures of Right lung. Material and Methods: Formalin fixed adult cadaveric lungs of right side (55) were studied in Department of Anatomy Government Medical College Kota. The specimens having any pathological lesion or damage during removal were excluded from the study. Details of morphology of right lung were recorded and variations were noted and photographs taken. The anatomical classification proposed by Craig & Walker was followed to determine completeness of fissures. Results: Classically complete oblique fissure was found in 40% (22) of lung specimens. 58%(32) were incomplete either at its beginning or at its end or both. Accessory fissure was found in 5.45%(3) lungs ,out of which 3.63%(2) were superior fissure and 1.81% (one) inferior accessory fissure. Variations of hilar structures were observed. Conclusion: Results and comparison with previous studies shows wide range of variations in morphological pattern of lungs among different populations. Knowledge of such variation and frequency of occurrence in a regional population might help to clinician and radiologist to exactly diagnose,plan and modify a surgical procedure.
The study aims to expose the capitalist components behind the metabolic rift and economic issues that Kamala Markandaya's novel Nectar in a Sieve (1954) creates. Additionally, this study sheds light on the commodification, objectification, and commodity fetishism of commodities, as well as alienation, degradation due to differences in exchange value and use value, and the alienation of land and labour due to capitalism. This study explains how capitalism emerged, how people suffered and experienced mental unrest, and how the author ultimately felt a need to accept modernity and change (emergence with capitalism). It also foresees the transition from rural to urban life, the emergence of the pure past into the capitalist present, and the eventual glimmer of hope.
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