Water energy can be used as a power plant by utilizing the available potential energy (waterfall potential and flow velocity). The water turbine is one of the driving machines where the working fluid is water which is used directly to rotate the turbine runner and turbine generator to produce electrical energy. This research was conducted using a Pelton type water turbine installation and measurements were made of turbine and generator rotation, flow rate, electric voltage and electric current with variations in the position of the nozzle angle. The research method used is a laboratory-scale experimental method and the results of the design of the water turbine are used as a practicum tool for students of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Energy Generation Engineering Study Program. The results showed that there was an effect of the position of the nozzle angle on the performance of the PLTMH prototype using a Pelton turbine, in this study the nozzle position will be designed at an angle of 00,450,600, and 750.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami konsep Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) dalam pembelajaran social studies di sekolah menengah atas. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan kualitatif. Penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Ada dua sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian, yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa high order thinking skills mengandung pemikiran secara kritis, kreatif, dan analitis terhadap informasi dan data dalam memecahkan permasalahan. Dalam konteks pembelajaran social studies di sekolah menengah atas, siswa mampu mencapai pemikiran tingkat tinggi melalui desain pembelajaran inquiry, discovery learning, dan student centered yang dapat memicu siswa mencapai pemikiran tingkat tinggi. Melalui higher order thinking skills siswa memiliki kemampuan untuk mengamati, menanya, menalar, mencoba, mengkomunikasikan, dan menganalisis materi. Selain itu, kemampuan dan konsep higher order thinking skills perlu dikembangkan sejak dini. Pendekatan semacam ini yang sangat sesuai dengan anjuran kurikulum 2013 dan Kurikulum Merdeka.AbstractThis study aims to understand the concept of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in social studies learning in high school. This type of research is descriptive using qualitative. The research used a purposive sampling technique. Two sources of data were used in the study, namely primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses an interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The results of this study indicate that high-order thinking skills contain critical, creative, and analytical thinking towards information and data in solving problems. In the context of social studies learning in high school, students can achieve higher-order thinking through inquiry, discovery learning, and student-centered learning designs that can trigger students to achieve higher-order thinking. Students can observe, ask questions, reason, try, communicate, and analyze material through higher-order thinking skills. In addition, the ability and concept of higher-order thinking skills need to be developed early. This kind of approach is very much in line with the recommendations of the 2013 curriculum and the Independent Curriculum.