В статье рассмотрен процесс формирования информационного потока при внеплановых перевозках с целью определения необходимых условий для реализации технологии предварительного информирования таможенных органов на морском транспорте. В ходе исследования был выполнен структурный анализ процесса формирования импортного грузопотока при внеплановых перевозках. В результате выполненного исследования доказано, что механизм предоставления предварительной информации в отношении товаров, перемещаемых морским транспортом, разработан без учета специфических особенностей формирования грузопотока при внеплановых перевозках. Выявленные особенности технологического процесса формирования грузопотоков при внеплановых перевозках позволили выделить несколько вариантов развития событий, при наступлении которых предварительная информация от перевозчика и грузоотправителя либо не может быть сформирована, либо становится недостоверной, в результате чего судно не оформляется по технологии предварительного информирования. Для устранения выявленных проблем предложены мероприятия по изменению технологии предварительного информирования таможенных органов на морском транспорте.
The paper covers the issues of safe sea transportation of packaged goods on vessel's deck. A focal point of «technological operations in port when doing loading and discharge» in the supply chain of goods (sawn timber) has been scrutinized. Some drawbacks in carrying out these technological operations, affecting the ship's operational safety have been revealed. One of the said drawbacks is liability to the package structural model destruction, i.e. destruction of its rectangular section when the tightness of band-type ties is not sufficient for retaining the desired geometrical shape. In this situation when lifting on ship's deck there's a possibility of sawn timber shifting inside the package and consequent irregularity of the rectangular shape of the latter. When doing cargo work in ports it isn't uncommon to have two unconsolidated packages loaded simultaneously, which can also cause sawn timber shifting within each of the unit loads. A package rectangular shape irregularity affects the density of stowage of goods in the deck stow. While working out a method for goods fixing inside a package a research has been done using theoretical models of shifting goods featuring discontinuous cribbing and cribbing-free structures. As an outcome a new method for securing the goods in packages preventing deformation of the package rectangular section when handled in port has been proposed. The proposed securing design would make it possible to form larger unit loads made of two packages thus solving the problem of packages' shifting relative to each other when carrying out slinging and lifting goods on deck operations, and reducing the time consumed by cargo operations in port, and eliminating a considerable amount of hard physical labor when forming a deck stow.
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