BPS representations of 5-dimensional supersymmetry algebras are classified. For BPS states preserving 1/2 the supersymmetry, there are two distinct classes of multiplets for N = 4 supersymmetry and three classes for N = 8 supersymmetry. For N = 4 matter theories, the two 1/2 supersymmetric BPS multiplets are the massive vector multiplet and the massive self-dual 2-form multiplet. Some applications to super-Yang-Mills, supergravity and little string theories are considered.
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