Widespread digitalization, automation and implementation of appropriate technologies is a natural and expected process, and therefore inevitable. By reducing information search costs, digital technologies significantly reduce the cost of economic and social transactions for firms, individuals, and the public sector. Digital technologies stimulate innovations, minimizing transaction costs. They increase efficiency: existing activities and services become cheaper, faster and more convenient. Finally, they promote integration: people get access to previously unavailable services. At the same time, in terms of digitalization, Russia is currently inferior to a number of developed countries, ranked in the third ten countries. But experts agree that Russia has necessary potential for digitalization. This potential can be realized through combining planned and market approaches with the preference to the planned approach. It is important to understand that digital technologies serve the real economic sector. Thus, the transition towards a digital economy is impossible without the developed manufacturing sector and industry. The integrated approach will allow being able to achieve large-scale digitization of social and economic processes in Russia.

The article reviews the main aspects of assessing the vitality of ornamental shrubs. The authors have ranked the plants according to the resistance to air pollution of urban ecosystems based on the assessment of the vitality of ornamental shrubs, their vital activity and resistance to anthropogenic impact. The study has identified the promising species of ornamental shrubs recommended for planting in urban environment: Berberis thunbergii DC., Philadelphus coronarius L., Potentilla fruticosa L., Syringa vulgaris L., Crataegus sanguinea Pall., Lonicera caprifolium L., Philadelphus coronarius L., Physocarpus opulifolius L.

The main purpose of the article was to update the fundamental component in the creation of phytocenoses with controlled properties in the feasibility of ensuring the stability of the structure, composition and condition of such communities. This direction plays an important role in ecological and economic activity, in modern nature management. The key aspects of the management of artificial phytocenoses which form the functional core of cultural ecosystems and landscapes are presented. Crop production, as well as botany and plant ecology as its overall fundamental basis, should implement the goals of strategic and territorial planning in this key. Designing and monitoring the efficiency of phytocenoses of the corresponding economic groups allows ensuring the productivity and sustainability of ecosystems and landscapes. In this case biology, ecology and geography of plants make it possible to determine the fundamental mechanisms of management of artificial biosystems in the corresponding territories. Ensuring a labile balance between potential and real opportunities in biological productivity and environmental sustainability of artificial plant communities is the scientific basis of ecological and economic activity. Phytocenoses of landscaping purposes have significant scientific and practical interest: decorative, protective, environmental, planning. Due to the fact that the phytocenoses of landscaping structures are initially mainly artificial biotic formations, the ecological, landscape-stabilizing and economic characteristics of the ecosystems of cities and villages, first of all, depend on the species and varietal composition of the plants used. Also, these biotic communities strongly depend on the possibility of realizing the biological potential of these plants in such non-specific environmental conditions.

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Research background. Due to the significant role that the United States, Russia and China play in the world political and economic processes, US-Russia-China relations can be recognized as the most important interstate relations in the world, setting the direction for the transformation of the international system. Nowadays, the study of these trilateral relations is a relevant scientific task. The authors, on a systematic basis, have investigated the aspects of interaction between the USA, Russia and China in the modern economy, which opened the way for solving the key issues of international relations. The authors have published several papers on this issue in Russia and abroad, including publications in Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals. Purpose of the article is to analyse the US-Russia-China relations and to determine the directions of their development in the context of globalization of the world economy. Methods. To analyse the interests, a systematic method was used that allows considering the interests of the United States, China and Russia as an holistic, complex mechanism with elements constantly interacting with each other. Findings & Value added. Despite geographical, linguistic, religious, and other distinctions, the United States, China, and Russia have a lot in common. There were historical periods of active and positive cooperation between these three major superpowers. In our opinion, in spite of the current contradictions between the parties, Russia, China and the United States have a mutual concern in harmonizing trilateral interests. However, the existed contradictions are not insoluble.