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The technology of obtaining selenium nanoparticles using laser ablation is presented. Selenium nanoparticles in water and aqueous solutions form stable colloids. For the obtained nanoparticles, the evolution in size and in mass has been established; optical properties have been characterized. The nanoparticles were studied using a transmission electron microscope, a modulation-interference microscope and a Bruker X-ray diffractometer. It has been previously shown that selenium containing preparations can prevent oxidative stress caused by ionizing radiation. In this work, it was shown that the nanoparticles obtained by us are also able to prevent oxidative stress caused by ionizing radiation and protect animals from radiation-induced death. In laboratory mice, it was established that selenium nanoparticles at a concentration of up to 10 mg / kg do not cause acute toxic effects. It is shown that the most effective concentration of selenium nanoparticles is a concentration of 5 mg / kg. The optimal administration time is 5 hours before exposure to ionizing radiation. Also set the dose reduction factor, it was 1.2.

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Surface ozone is considered as a risk factor for crop production in the territory of central Russia. The known mechanisms of the effect of ozone on plants are given, and the levels of ozone in the surface atmosphere that are dangerous for various groups of plants are discussed. The data of long-term monitoring of tropospheric ozone in central Russia (Vyatskiye Polyany town) are given, which indicate that due to the ongoing climate change and the increase in atmospheric pollution with nitrogen oxides, volatile hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, even in central Russia with a moderate non-hot climate there is a significant increase in the ozone content of the surface atmosphere. Moreover, the doses of exposure to ground-level ozone, which can be exposed to plants in central Russia, are comparable and even exceed the levels considered safe.

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