Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is an essential tool for disease diagnosis and management; all marketed clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) are gadolinium (Gd) chelates and most are extracellular fluid (ECF) agents. After intravenous injection, these agents rapidly distribute to the extracellular space and are also characterized by low serum protein binding and predominant renal clearance. Gd is an abiotic element with no biological recycling processes; low levels of Gd have been detected in the central nervous system and bone long after administration. These observations have prompted interest in the development of new MRI contrast agents based on biotic elements such as iron (Fe); Fe-HBED (HBED = N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine-N,N′-diacetic acid), a coordinatively saturated iron chelate, is an attractive MRI CA platform suitable for modification to adjust relaxivity and biodistribution. Compared to the parent Fe-HBED, the Fe-HBED analogs reported here have lower serum protein binding and higher relaxivity as well as lower relative liver enhancement in mice, comparable to that of a representative gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA). Fe-HBED analogs are therefore a promising class of non-Gd ECF MRI CA.

The article discusses the question of the possibility of the business community to implement mechanisms for the development of its structure. The authors show that in the process of historical transformation are implemented opportunities for market entry and process of improvement activities. The authors show that every company can produce a range of innovative products and its innovative principles transform of striving for improvement in the need to innovate. The subject of research is itself innovative activity of the organization, and the possibility of its integration in market conditions. The novelty of this study is the assumption that the innovation activity of the enterprise does not depend on the amount of goods produced and the number of shipped innovative products. The main indicator is the amount of revenue from goods that are produced on the basis of a new technological cycle. In the course of the work are analyzed the statistics and formed the algorithmization of actions to increase the share of innovative products The authors show and this is the basis for further research that the advancement and increase of the share of innovative products determines the possibility of development of a qualitatively new setting and identifies opportunities for technological and, consequently, the social capital of a certain territory.

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Let X be an infinite-dimensional subspace of dp_0. From category considerations or from the regularity of the inductive limit ~-0 there follows that there exists 1 < q2