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This letter presents a novel concept of beamsteerable transponder based on antenna array and phased modulators. The steerability of the beam is achieved by optimally delaying the modulated reflected signal at each antenna element (i.e., changing the phase in frequency domain) with load modulation technique. In this manner, the reflected backscattered signal power can be maximized at one particular direction. The approach makes transponder to collect ambient waves from any direction and further modulate and redirect it to any other direction. The results obtained through experimentation proves the feasibility of omnidirectional transponder and pave way for future lower-power smart devices. The transponder functions in the Wi-Fi frequency band of 2.4 GHz.

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This paper endeavours a control scheme for optimal control of voltage and frequency of power inverter which relied upon distributed generation in cognitive microgrid using soft computational methods. It gives sound direction on how to control the active power flow, voltage-frequency regulation, and sharing of power among various components of MG. The classical voltage-frequency control strategy in parallel with the modern control method is well excavated in the present paper. Moreover, modulation techniques, variants of reference frames, power quality indices are covered blatantly. Thus, the paper gives fast insight and understanding to the engineers working in this niche area.

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