Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) consists of repetitious physical and psychological symptoms. The symptoms occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual period and cease when the menstrual period starts. This study included pre-test and post-test experiments between a control group and a test group. The statistical population involved 40 females, chosen based on multistage cluster sampling. The participants were then divided into four groups to undergo treatment with calcium supplement plus vitamin D together with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and were screened with the Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Test (PSST). The pre-test and post-test scores in the PSST, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and Bell's Adjustment Inventory (BAI) were used as assessment tools (p < .05). According to the parameters of PMS symptoms, when evaluating the pre-test and post-test scores, the overall score of each individual in the experimental group was improved and a significant effect for the combination of calcium supplement plus vitamin D together with CBT was observed in comparison to the post-test control group. A comparison of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) results collected from the pre-test and post-test scores revealed that the method of treatment was beneficial for PMS, adjustment, and general health.

Drug addiction as a biological, psychological, and social issue affects all dimensions of one's life. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of attachment styles, dysfunctional attitudes, and spirituality in predicting membership in addicted and non‐addicted groups. This was a cross‐sectional study conducted on 60 addicted people and 60 non‐addicted people. The Adult Attachment Scale of Hazan and Shaver, Allport Religious Orientation Scale, and the 26‐item Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS‐26) were used to measure the variables. Based on the results, which were analyzed by logistic regression analysis, the variables of attachment style and dysfunctional attitude can significantly predict drug addiction (p < .001). However, avoidant attachment style and spirituality cannot predict readiness for addiction. The results of this study indicate the importance of safe and ambivalent attachment styles and dysfunctional attitudes. Thus, attending to these factors in studies and interventions related to the treatment of substance abuse disorders is essential.

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Background Sexual intelligence is one of the most vital topics in research and clinical fields. Therefore, the existence of a suitable instrument for measuring these structures is an inevitable necessity. This study designed a valid and reliable sexual intelligence scale. Methods In this instrumental research, 225 students of Payame Noor University were selected by purposeful sampling and answered the questionnaire. A baseline questionnaire with 36 questions was provided to the participants. SPSS software, statistical analysis of factor analysis and correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Results In an exploratory factor analysis that was done on 19 materials of this test, results revealed 4 factors. Initial examination in this test showed that 4 important and prominent factors were found after rotation and by considering the sloping line diagram. Conclusion The present study showed that the designed tool is of sufficient competence and can be used in clinical research and diagnosis.