Circulating tumor cells were identified in almost half of the patients using the ICC assay. In a literature review, we were not able to identify previous reports of circulating tumor cell detection in patients with HNSCC from peripheral blood samples using ICC or identify any study that has attempted to quantify circulating tumor cell levels. Although the clinical implications of circulating tumor cells in micrometastatic tumor detection in patients with HNSCC are still unknown, they may be significant. Long-term follow-up may help elucidate the patients in whom conventional treatment may fail and, thus, those who may benefit from different treatment; it may also assist with the detection of recurrence with a simple blood collection.
All-trans retinoic acid (RA) induces granulocytic differentiationbind all-trans RA as well as 9-cis RA, while RXRs bind only of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells both in vivo and in vitro.9-cis RA. [19][20][21] Thus, RARs heterodimerize to form RAR/RXR sociated from induction of differentiation and/or apoptosis of
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