Supply chain management or logistics is a crucial aspect of any business, be it agriculture, food, healthcare, and more. However, it also involves a communication among a host of actors performing different roles in the chain. Integration of these actors in a transparent yet secure way is needed, which blockchain technology has the potential to do so. In this article, different models of blockchain application in logistics are discussed and how the permissioned blockchains can be used in realizing the business case. An overview of different frameworks which enable permissioned blockchains are discussed in this article. Based on this, the authors propose an asset transfer model which can be employed to enhance supply chain trackability using permissioned blockchain.

Blockchain technology has garnered attention from stakeholders in many domains, including healthcare, governance and supply chain management. In the context of healthcare, traceability of pharmaceutical drugs in a transparent yet secure manner can be made faster and efficient with blockchain. This paper presents a blockchain based solution for traceability known as PharmaChain. The traceability is achieved with application design and algorithms which are proposed in the work. The proposed application can be developed using hyperledger fabric deployed on dockers. The chain codes are written in javascript. The pharmaceutical blockchain proposed in this work consists of manufacturer, wholesaler, retailer and consumer. The right for registering a drug into the blockchain is granted to the manufacturers only and the ownership transfer of the drug is stored. This paper highlights the traceability of ownership transfer of the drug and validates its origin.

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Supply chain management in healthcare sector plays significant role in the lives of people. Presence of intermediaries and lack of traceability has lured it towards drug counterfeiting, which reduces drug efficacy, thus hampering patients' trust and putting their lives in danger. Blockchain has emerged as a groundbreaking technology which provide a system that is immutable and transparent without the requirement of a trusted third party. This paper depicts how blockchain can provide a solution to reduce drug counterfeit in the pharmaceutical supply chain. This is achieved by creating a Blockchain Network in which each participant and the drug is registered to maintain transparency of transactions among all the participants. Realtime transfer of ownership in the blockchain creates all-round visibility among the registered participants to retrieve information like the current owner, timestamp of ownership transfer and authenticity of drugs. This paper implements PharmaChain for real-time traceability and trackability information of drugs from end-to-end of the pharmaceutical supply chain.