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Soil salinity is one of the most severe factors limiting growth and physiological response in cowpea plants. In the present study, the effect of rhizobacterium strains BR2 and BR3 on the growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) varieties-Pusa Sukomal and RC101-tolerance to 0, 25, 50, and 75 mM concentrations of NaCl salinity was evaluated. The rate of growth, in general, was high in plants irrigated with 25 mM NaCl saline water as compared to control, and thereafter, the growth reduced with increase in salinity concentrations. The results revealed that treating the seeds with rhizobacteria accompanied by NaCl salinity increased growth parameters of the cowpea plant as compared to the seeds irrigated with sodium chloride alone. Treatment with rhizobacteria mitigated the harmful effect of NaCl, and the growth was significantly better than the plants growing in saline water without rhizobacterium inoculation. The overall performance of Pusa Sukomal with BR3 strain was found to be better than the other combinations tested. Flowering in field plants started within 45 days of sowing, and the seeds in plants irrigated with saline water, in the presence of rhizobacterium, were found to be healthy as compared to control seeds. Seed protein profile was analyzed by SDS PAGE gel studies.

Aims and Objectives: Standardization of the concentration of encapsulation matrix and hardening solution owing to the proportion of germination to crop idyllic artificial seeds of Tinospora cordifolia followed by plantlet regeneration. Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was adopted to find out significant differences among different treatment combinations. Place and Duration of the Study: The present study was conducted at Plant Tissue Culture & Genetic Transformation Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P., India during 2017 to 2020. Methodology: A protocol was established for encapsulation of nodal segments of Tinospora cordifolia excised from 18-month-old in vitro raised plants for short- term conservation and further propagation. Diverse concentrations and combinations of gelling matrix viz., sodium alginate and complexing agent i.e., Calcium chloride were experienced to optimize combination to get uniform beads. Results: The best gel composition was accomplished employing 2.5% sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride. The maximum conversion response of encapsulated beads was achieved on Murashiage and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 2.0 mgl-1 BAP in combination with 0.2mgl-1 NAA. Well, developed regenerated plantlets were successfully hardened, acclimatized and established first under net house conditions followed in the field. Conclusions: In this study, synthetic seed production technique in giloe (Tinospora cordifolia) has been established. Present method ensures viable strategy for multiplication, conservation and germplasm exchange through synthetic seed development.